Avalia����o anti-inflamat��ria e antipe��onhenta das esp��cies Hancornia speciosa e Mimosa tenuiflora em modelos experimentais de inflama����o e envenenamento induzidos por Bothrops jararaca e Tityus serrulatus

Accidents caused by venomous animals represents a significant and serious public health problem in certain regions of Brazil, as well as in other parts of the world by the frequency with which they occur and the mortality they cause. The use of plant extracts as an antidote for poisoning cases is an ancient practice used in many communities that have no access to antivenom. Medicinal plants represent an important source of obtaining bioactive compounds able to assist directly in the treatment of poisoning or indirectly supplementing serum therapy currently used. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of extracts, fractions and isolated compounds from M. tenuiflora and H. speciosa in the inflammatory process induced by carrageenan and the venom of B. jararaca and T. serrulatus. The results showed that both M. tenuiflora and H. speciosa were capable of inhibiting cell migration and cytokines levels in peritonitis induced by carrageenin and venom of T. serrulatus. In poisoning by B. jararaca model, mice treated with the plants in studies decreased the leukocyte influx into the peritoneal cavity. Finally the M. tenuiflora and H. speciosa had antiphlogistic activity, reducing edema formation and exerted inhibitory action of leukocyte migration in local inflammation induced by the venom of B. jararaca. Through of Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) analysis was possible identified the presence of flavonoids ,saponins and/or terpenes in aqueous extract of M. tenuiflora. By High Performance Liquid Chromatography analysis, it was possible to identify the presence of rutin and chlorogenic acid in aqueous extract of H. speciosa. We conclude that the administration of extracts, fractions and isolated compounds of H. speciosa and M. tenuiflora resulted in inhibition of the inflammatory process in different experimental models. This study demonstrates for the first time the effect of M. tenuiflora and H. speciosa in inhibition of the inflammation caused by B. jararaca and T. serrulatus venom.

Bartogenic acid, a new triterpene acid from Barringtonia speciosa

A new triterpene acid, was isolated from the fruits of Barringtonia speciosa. Its structure was established as 2��,3��,19��-trihydroxyolean-12-ene-24,28-dioic acid from chemical and spectroscopic data and confirmed by its conversion into methyl sericiale.

Factors influencing the germination of myrtle (Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers. and L-floribunda Jack) seeds

Gibberellic acid and potassium nitrate did not promote the germination of myrtle seeds when tested at 20/30degreesC (16/8h). Germination was promoted considerably by alternating temperatures. The results of an investigation on a two-dimensional temperature gradient plate showed that myrtle seeds germinated most rapidly (within 14 days) and fully (all viable seeds) at 35/22.5degreesC (16/8 h) and similar regimes. Tests on five seed lots of Lagerstroemia speciosa and L. floribunda showed the efficacy of the alternating temperature regime of 35/20degreesC (16/8 h) in promoting germination. Thus we recommend myrtle seeds be tested for germination in this regime for 28 days.

Visitantes florais de Lagerstroemia speciosa Pers: (Lythraceae)

Studies were carried out with Lagerstroemia speciosa Pers. on floral reproductive systems, diversity and constancy of visiting insects at different hours of day, the behaviour of these insects at the flowers and the influence of these environmental factors in relation to their visits. The fenology, anthesis and others particularity of this vegetal species was studied. A great diversity of insects was verified visiting the flowers with the predominance of bees. The most frequent and constant species encountered were: Nannotrigona testaceicornis (Lepeletier, 1836) (40,2%), Tetragonisca angustula (Latreille, 1811) (16,9%), Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 (11,8%), Plebeia droryana (Friese, 1900) (9,1 %) e Exomalopsis fulvofasciata (Smith, 1879) (8,5%). The blossoms possessis features of melittophily syndrome and diurnal anthesis. The environmental factors influence the insects foraging activity, mainly temperature, light, time of day, humidity and wind speed. The effective pollinators were the large insects like Bombus morio (Swederus, 1787), Bombus atratus (Franklin, 1913), Centris tarsata (Smith, 1874), Centris flavifrons Fabricius, 1775, Xylocopa suspecta Camargo & Moure, 1988, Xylocopa frontalis (Olivier, 1789) and Eulaema nigrita Lepeletier, 1841.

Visitantes florais de Erythrina speciosa Andr. (Leguminosae)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient��fico e Tecnol��gico (CNPq)

Resist��ncia de gen��tipos de batata (Solanum spp.) a Diabrotica speciosa (Germar, 1824) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Funda����o de Amparo �� Pesquisa do Estado de S��o Paulo (FAPESP)

Prefer��ncia alimentar de adultos de Diabrotica speciosa (Germar) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) por gen��tipos de batata (Solanum spp.)

Avaliou-se a prefer��ncia alimentar de adultos de Diabrotica speciosa (Germar), pelos gen��tipos de batata Achat, Baronesa, Monalisa, N 140-201 e NYL 235-4. Foram realizados ensaios com e sem chance de escolha, em laborat��rios e em casa de vegeta����o, na FCAV/UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP. em dois testes utilizaram-se discos de fol��olos provenientes de plantios em vaso (plantas com 40 dias); em outros seis semelhantes (exce����o ao gen��tipo N 140-201) foram utilizados discos de fol��olos provenientes de plantio de campo (plantas com 30, 50 e 70 dias). Nas placas de Petri (repeti����es) foram liberados dois adultos/disco. Dois outros ensaios foram efetuados em gaiolas (sem chance de escolha), no interior de casa de vegeta����o, com plantas com 15 e 45 dias de idade, liberando-se tr��s e 10 adultos/planta respectivamente, avaliando-se o consumo de ��rea foliar quatro e cinco dias ap��s. Nos testes em laborat��rio com material de vaso, o gen��tipo NYL 235-4 (com e sem chance) foi o menos consumido (1,08 a 1,12 mg de peso seco). Com material de campo (com e sem chance), o peso de mat��ria fresca consumida pela praga foi menor em NYL 235-4 (m��dias de 26,2 e 66,1 mg) e Baronesa (30,2 e 57,9 mg). Nos ensaios em gaiolas (sem chance) tamb��m verificou-se menor consumo em NYL 235-4 (3,35 cm�� e 16,70 cm��/planta). Esses resultados revelam que o gen��tipo NYL 235-4 apresenta resist��ncia do tipo n��o-prefer��ncia para alimenta����o em rela����o a D. speciosa.

Resist��ncia de gen��tipos de batata a larvas e adultos de Diabrotica speciosa

Funda����o de Amparo �� Pesquisa do Estado de S��o Paulo (FAPESP)

Prefer��ncia alimentar de Diabrotica speciosa (Germ.) e Cerotoma sp. por gen��tipos de soja

Funda����o de Amparo �� Pesquisa do Estado de S��o Paulo (FAPESP)

Atratividade e Consumo Foliar por Adultos de Diabrotica speciosa (Germ.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) em Diferentes Gen��tipos de Ab��bora

Funda����o de Amparo �� Pesquisa do Estado de S��o Paulo (FAPESP)

A comparative study of the non-isothermal degradation of natural rubber from Mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa Gomes) and Seringueira (Hevea brasiliensis)

Due to the increasing search for alternative sources of natural rubber (NR) whose properties are similar to Hevea brasiliesis, several sources have been studied in the past few years. Among them, Mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa Gomes), which is native to Amazon rainforest and other regions of Brazil, has a potential as another viable rubber source. As a continuation of a series of comparative studies between Hancornia and Hevea (clone RRIM 600) these two species by our research team, their thermal behavior was analyzed by thermogravimetry (TG) using Flynn-Wall-Ozawa's approach in order to obtain kinetic parameters (reaction order, pre-exponential factor and activation energy) of the decomposition process. Results indicated that the thermal behavior of NR from Hancornia was comparable to Hevea with some differences observed as follows: reaction order for Hancornia was higher than for Hevea at the beginning of degradation and very close for temperatures over 350 A degrees C; activation energy and pre-exponential factor had the same trend, i.e., increased with increasing degree of conversion remaining almost constant between 20 and 70% and then increasing for higher degrees, although Hevea was slightly more thermally stable than Hancornia. These major influences in the degradation process in the early stage are attributed to differences in non-rubber constituents present in these two species.

Comparative Study on the Technological Properties of Latex and Natural Rubber from Hancornia speciosa Gomes and Hevea brasiliensis

Funda����o de Amparo �� Pesquisa do Estado de S��o Paulo (FAPESP)

Hancornia speciosa: Indications of gastroprotective, healing and anti-Helicobacter pylori actions

Funda����o de Amparo �� Pesquisa do Estado de S��o Paulo (FAPESP)