Síndrome dilatação-vólvulo gástrico em cães

The gastric dilatation- volvulus (GDV) is an acute and potentially lethal disease, characterized by increased size of the stomach associated with mesenteric rotation on its axis, which affects mainly large breed dogs and giants with deep and narrow chest. The diagnosis is made from the history, physical examination, clinical signs and radiographic evaluation. It is an emergency that requires immediate therapy and consists on protocols to treat shock, gastric decompression, surgical repositioning of the stomach, gastropexy and intensive post-operative care. Despite the significant progress in the elucidation of pathophysiological events, risk factors and treatment, there was almost no progress in determining the root causes of this disease. A significant advance was recently described in the literature on this topic is the technique of gastropexy laparoscopy. Instruct the owners of the high risk breeds is extremely important to avoid situations in which the severity of the illness make the surgical treatment impracticable and the animal’s condition irreversible

Gastroesophageal intussusception in a leopard (Panthera pardus).

An 8-yr-old male leopard (Panthera pardus) was presented with a 4-day history of lethargy, vomiting, and anorexia. Thoracic and abdominal radiographs revealed a soft-tissue mass cranial to the diaphragm and atypical appearance of the gastric fundus. Esophagoscopy revealed gastric mucosa in the lumen of the esophagus, which confirmed gastroesophageal intussusception. An exploratory celiotomy with manual reduction of the intussusception was performed. Reduction was verified by intraoperative esophagoscopy and gastroscopy. An incisional fundic gastropexy to the left abdominal wall was performed to reduce the chance of a recurrence of the intussusception. No postoperative complications related to the surgery were observed, and the animal resumed eating within 48 hr of surgery. A subsequent recurrence of clinical signs was not noted by the owner.

Esophageal hiatal hernia in three exotic felines--Lynx lynx, Puma concolore, Panthera leo.

Hiatal hernia was diagnosed in three exotic felines-lynx (Lynx lynx), cougar (Puma concolore), and lion (Panthera leo). All cats had a history of anorexia. Thoracic and abdominal radiographs showed evidence of a soft tissue mass within the caudal mediastinum suggestive of a hiatal hernia in all animals. A barium esophagram was performed in one case. All animals underwent thoracic or abdominal surgery for hernia reduction. Surgical procedures included: intercostal thoracotomy with herniorrhaphy and esophagopexy (lynx and cougar), and incisional gastropexy (lion). Concurrent surgical procedures performed were gastrotomy for gastric foreign body removal and jejunostomy tube placement. Clinical signs related to the hiatal hernia disappeared after surgery and recurrence of signs was not reported for the time of follow-up.

Clínica médica e cirúrgica em animais de companhia

Este relatório foi realizado no âmbito do estágio curricular do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária da Universidade de Évora, que decorreu no Centro Hospitalar Veterinário de 1 de Setembro de 2015 a 1 de Fevereiro de 2016. A primeira componente trata da casuística acompanhada durante o estágio. A área da clínica médica representada com maior frequência foi a gastroenterologia. A segunda componente consiste na revisão bibliográfica sobre a síndrome de dilatação e torção gástrica, complementada com dois casos acompanhados durante o estágio. Esta ocorre principalmente em cães de raça de grande porte, como o Dogue Alemão, o Pastor Alemão, o Poodle Médio e o Rottweiler. O diagnóstico implica uma anamnese completa, tendo como queixas timpanismo abdominal e vómito não produtivo, confirmando-se por raio x abdominal. O tratamento recomendado passa pela rehidratação, descompressão gástrica, gastrectomia parcial (em caso de necrose gástrica) e gastropexia. A gastropexia profilática está recomendada em raças predispostas; Abstract: Small Animal Practice This report was elaborated following a traineeship under the context of integrated masters degree in veterinary medicine of Universidade de Évora at the Centro Hospitalar Veterinario from September 1st, 2015 to February, 1st, 2016. The first component covers the casuistry accompanied during the mentioned traineeship. The most prevalent clinical area was the gastroenterology. The second component consists of a literature review of gastric dilatation volvulus syndrome along the report of two cases followed. This syndrome often occurs in giant dog breeds. Great Dane, German Shepherd, Standard Poodle and Rottweiler, are examples. The main complains are retching and bloat, and the diagnostic is made by abdominal radiography. The treatment consists in stabilization of the patient, gastric decompression, partial gastrectomy (if needed) and gastropexy. Prophylactic grastopexy is the recommended procedure for predisposed breeds.