Gerenciamento de processos em controladores programáveis usando XML

Os controladores programáveis tornaram-se fator decisivo para o controle de processos em ambientes industriais. Permitir o gerenciamento desses, eleva-os ao mesmo grupo de outros equipamentos da rede. Gerenciar esses dispositivos e o processo controlado tende a facilitar a identificação de falhas, as intervenções no processo e demais vantagens trazidas por um bom esquema de gerência. Uma maneira de realizar esse gerenciamento é por meio de programas conhecidos como supervisórios. Além das aplicações de supervisão, uma nova classe de ferramentas, que também possibilita o gerenciamento tanto do controlador quanto do processo a esse submetido, vem sendo disponibilizada. A presença de protocolos de gerenciamento, tal qual o SNMP, já é uma realidade em alguns dos modelos de equipamentos oferecidos por vários fabricantes, promovendo uma integração com plataformas de gerência já existentes no mercado. A proposta deste trabalho inclui a elaboração de um modelo de gerenciamento usando XML, atualmente em ampla ascensão e aceitação. Está, também, previsto a construção de um protótipo capaz de realizar as funções de um agente. A criação de um modelo de gerenciamento baseado em tecnologias e especificações abertas, tais como XML e Web, possibilita desde a utilização de um navegador, até o desenvolvimento de novas ferramentas para a requisição/aquisição de dados em controladores.

Alimentador automático para animais utilizando Arduino

This paper presents a Project of an automatic feeder for pets using an Arduino Uno as the control center. Through studies on this driver was possible to create a device with an interface capable to receiving user input and then use it to activate the feeder in the defined hours. For mounting equipment were used steps motors, sensors, keyboard and display, which work together to instrument operation. The project goal was reached and the prototype developed indicating that the Arduino can be used for various applications that can simplify daily tasks

Automação em raspadora de pneus utilizando controle numérico computadorizado com controlador lógico programável integrado

This work studies and develops a machine automation for tyre truing. It is discussed industry development, industrial processes automation, tyre-recycling process, advantages of tyre reuse for preservation of the environment and probable gains from the automation of part of the tyre-recycling process. In this text, it is detailed the work done to configure, program and optimize the truing process through automation components as CNC, PLC and drives. Tests and simulations are performed to determine the payback necessary period in productivity and profit gains

Análise de sistemas de proteção por redundância e bloqueio de energias contra acidentes em prensas e equipamentos rotativos

This monograph presents the main objective of analyzing the redundancy protection systems of protection for redundancy and block of energies against accident in presses and rotating equipment. After understanding two specific goals, on this case, show the systems of protection against accidents in rotating equipments, presses and similar; and discuss the vulnerabilities of current systems of protection against accidents in presses and similar, we will propose a system of autonomous redundancy of Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) operating simultaneously taking online in the event of failure of one of the two. The methodology was worked through a revision of a variety of bibliography, and interpretation of national and international standards as well as access to research on systems, practices used in industrial and companies supplying products and of companies and energy blockages solutions

Alimentador automático para animais utilizando Arduino

This paper presents a Project of an automatic feeder for pets using an Arduino Uno as the control center. Through studies on this driver was possible to create a device with an interface capable to receiving user input and then use it to activate the feeder in the defined hours. For mounting equipment were used steps motors, sensors, keyboard and display, which work together to instrument operation. The project goal was reached and the prototype developed indicating that the Arduino can be used for various applications that can simplify daily tasks

Automação em raspadora de pneus utilizando controle numérico computadorizado com controlador lógico programável integrado

This work studies and develops a machine automation for tyre truing. It is discussed industry development, industrial processes automation, tyre-recycling process, advantages of tyre reuse for preservation of the environment and probable gains from the automation of part of the tyre-recycling process. In this text, it is detailed the work done to configure, program and optimize the truing process through automation components as CNC, PLC and drives. Tests and simulations are performed to determine the payback necessary period in productivity and profit gains

Análise de sistemas de proteção por redundância e bloqueio de energias contra acidentes em prensas e equipamentos rotativos

This monograph presents the main objective of analyzing the redundancy protection systems of protection for redundancy and block of energies against accident in presses and rotating equipment. After understanding two specific goals, on this case, show the systems of protection against accidents in rotating equipments, presses and similar; and discuss the vulnerabilities of current systems of protection against accidents in presses and similar, we will propose a system of autonomous redundancy of Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) operating simultaneously taking online in the event of failure of one of the two. The methodology was worked through a revision of a variety of bibliography, and interpretation of national and international standards as well as access to research on systems, practices used in industrial and companies supplying products and of companies and energy blockages solutions

Tolerância a falhas com base em comutação de controladores – implementação em autómatos programáveis

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores

Projecto e implementação de supervisor inteligente em controladores lógicos programáveis

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores

Ambiente computacional paradesenvolvimento de aplicações de controladores lógicos programáveis baseado em linguagens SFC e ST

This work proposes an environment for programming programmable logic controllers applied to oil wells with BCP type method of artificially lifting. The environment will have an editor based in the diagram of sequential functions for programming of PLCs. This language was chosen due to the fact of being high-level and accepted by the international standard IEC 61131-3. The use of these control programs in real PLC will be possible with the use of an intermediate level of language based on XML specification PLCopen T6 XML. For the testing and validation of the control programs, an area should be available for viewing variables obtained through communication with a real PLC. Thus, the main contribution of this work is to develop a computational environment that allows: modeling, testing and validating the controls represented in SFC and applied in oil wells with BCP type method of artificially lifting

Ambiente computacional paradesenvolvimento de aplicações de controladores lógicos programáveis baseado em linguagens SFC e ST

This work proposes an environment for programming programmable logic controllers applied to oil wells with BCP type method of artificially lifting. The environment will have an editor based in the diagram of sequential functions for programming of PLCs. This language was chosen due to the fact of being high-level and accepted by the international standard IEC 61131-3. The use of these control programs in real PLC will be possible with the use of an intermediate level of language based on XML specification PLCopen T6 XML. For the testing and validation of the control programs, an area should be available for viewing variables obtained through communication with a real PLC. Thus, the main contribution of this work is to develop a computational environment that allows: modeling, testing and validating the controls represented in SFC and applied in oil wells with BCP type method of artificially lifting

Ambiente para avaliação de controladores fuzzy aplicados ao método de elevação artificial por bombeio centrífugo submerso

From their early days, Electrical Submergible Pumping (ESP) units have excelled in lifting much greater liquid rates than most of the other types of artificial lift and developed by good performance in wells with high BSW, in onshore and offshore environments. For all artificial lift system, the lifetime and frequency of interventions are of paramount importance, given the high costs of rigs and equipment, plus the losses coming from a halt in production. In search of a better life of the system comes the need to work with the same efficiency and security within the limits of their equipment, this implies the need for periodic adjustments, monitoring and control. How is increasing the prospect of minimizing direct human actions, these adjustments should be made increasingly via automation. The automated system not only provides a longer life, but also greater control over the production of the well. The controller is the brain of most automation systems, it is inserted the logic and strategies in the work process in order to get you to work efficiently. So great is the importance of controlling for any automation system is expected that, with better understanding of ESP system and the development of research, many controllers will be proposed for this method of artificial lift. Once a controller is proposed, it must be tested and validated before they take it as efficient and functional. The use of a producing well or a test well could favor the completion of testing, but with the serious risk that flaws in the design of the controller were to cause damage to oil well equipment, many of them expensive. Given this reality, the main objective of the present work is to present an environment for evaluation of fuzzy controllers for wells equipped with ESP system, using a computer simulator representing a virtual oil well, a software design fuzzy controllers and a PLC. The use of the proposed environment will enable a reduction in time required for testing and adjustments to the controller and evaluated a rapid diagnosis of their efficiency and effectiveness. The control algorithms are implemented in both high-level language, through the controller design software, such as specific language for programming PLCs, Ladder Diagram language.

Arquitetura híbrida com DSP e FPGA para implementação de controladores de filtros ativos de potência

The presence of non-linear loads at a point in the distribution system may deform voltage waveform due to the consumption of non-sinusoidal currents. The use of active power filters allows significant reduction of the harmonic content in the supply current. However, the processing of digital control structures for these filters may require high performance hardware, particularly for reference currents calculation. This work describes the development of hardware structures with high processing capability for application in active power filters. In this sense, it considers an architecture that allows parallel processing using programmable logic devices. The developed structure uses a hybrid model using a DSP and an FPGA. The DSP is used for the acquisition of current and voltage signals, calculation of fundamental current related controllers and PWM generation. The FPGA is used for intensive signal processing, such as the harmonic compensators. In this way, from the experimental analysis, significant reductions of the processing time are achieved when compared to traditional approaches using only DSP. The experimental results validate the designed structure and these results are compared with other ones from architectures reported in the literature.

Ambiente para avaliação de controladores fuzzy aplicados ao método de elevação artificial por bombeio centrífugo submerso

From their early days, Electrical Submergible Pumping (ESP) units have excelled in lifting much greater liquid rates than most of the other types of artificial lift and developed by good performance in wells with high BSW, in onshore and offshore environments. For all artificial lift system, the lifetime and frequency of interventions are of paramount importance, given the high costs of rigs and equipment, plus the losses coming from a halt in production. In search of a better life of the system comes the need to work with the same efficiency and security within the limits of their equipment, this implies the need for periodic adjustments, monitoring and control. How is increasing the prospect of minimizing direct human actions, these adjustments should be made increasingly via automation. The automated system not only provides a longer life, but also greater control over the production of the well. The controller is the brain of most automation systems, it is inserted the logic and strategies in the work process in order to get you to work efficiently. So great is the importance of controlling for any automation system is expected that, with better understanding of ESP system and the development of research, many controllers will be proposed for this method of artificial lift. Once a controller is proposed, it must be tested and validated before they take it as efficient and functional. The use of a producing well or a test well could favor the completion of testing, but with the serious risk that flaws in the design of the controller were to cause damage to oil well equipment, many of them expensive. Given this reality, the main objective of the present work is to present an environment for evaluation of fuzzy controllers for wells equipped with ESP system, using a computer simulator representing a virtual oil well, a software design fuzzy controllers and a PLC. The use of the proposed environment will enable a reduction in time required for testing and adjustments to the controller and evaluated a rapid diagnosis of their efficiency and effectiveness. The control algorithms are implemented in both high-level language, through the controller design software, such as specific language for programming PLCs, Ladder Diagram language.