969 resultados para Companhia Energética de Minas Gerais


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Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS

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Este artigo apresenta análises iniciais sobre o contexto que envolve as propostas de sustentabilidade da Companhia Energética de Minas Gerais (CEMIG), particularmente em três empreendimentos hidrelétricos localizados no baixo curso do Rio Araguari, envolvendo os municípios de Uberlândia, Indianópolis e Araguari no Estado de Minas Gerais. O objetivo final deste artigo será o de analisar e avaliar o tipo de sustentabilidade materializada no espaço geográfico das referidas localidades, particularmente nas comunidades atingidas, tanto a montante quando a jusante, das barragens hidrelétricas. Este artigo apresenta o contexto dessas localidades na questão energética nacional bem como estadual e aponta para os referenciais teóricos para o tratamento dos dados que serão coletados nas localidades e comunidades citadas.Resumen: En este artículo se presenta el análisis inicial del contexto que rodea a la propuesta de las políticas de sostenibilidade de la Companhia Energética de Minas Gerais (Cemig), em particular em três proyectos hidroeléctricos ubicados en el curso inferior del río Araguari, com la participación de los municipios de Uberlândia, Indianópolis y Araguari em la província de Minas Gerais-Brasil El objetivo final será la de analizar e evaluar el tipo de sostenibilidad incorporados em el espacio geográfico de estas localidades, especialmente em las comunidades afectadas, tanto los que viven águas arriba y los que estan aguas abajo de las represas hidroeléctricas. El artículo presenta el contexto de estos lugares em el problema de la energia nacional, así como em la província y los puntos a los marcos teóricos para hacer frente a los datos que se recogerán a partir de las localidades y comunidades mencionadas. Este trabajo cuenta con el apoyo financiero de FAPEMIG – Fundación para el Apoyo a la Investigación de Minas Gerais.

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Ecological restoration aims to restore the self-sustainability potential of degraded environments. The successional trajectory of areas in restoration may differ from the reference ecosystem on a number of factors, especially the disturbance history of the area and management techniques applied in order to reverse the degradation scenario. In this sense, the objective of this study was to characterize the dynamics of natural regeneration and the structure of the regenerating community in an area of ecological restoration for 25 years on the right bank of the Rio Grande in the Power Station in Camargos that belongs to the Companhia Energetica de Minas Gerais - CEMIG, Nazareno, MG, in order to identify the current state of environmental regeneration. In November 2014, there was the first community inventory of seedlings existing in regeneration subplots (2 x 2 m) within the inclusion criteria (height ≥ 10 cm and DBH <5 cm), divided into 44 subplots (11 plots) in two areas, one area in restoration (REF) and a fragment of native vegetation (FRAG). In October 2015, the second sampling was carried out, in which individuals were resampled and recruits and dead individuals quantified. The parameters abundance, floristic similarity, density, dominance, importance value, equability, richness and diversity were analyzed in both samples. The dynamics was evaluated for the number of individuals and basal area in the period of 2014-2015 and individuals distributed according to height. The history of usage area provoked different behavior between the study environments; the patterns of the FRAG and REF communities along the years allowed the distinction between environments and demonstrated great environmental diversity, with differences in the abundance of species, floristic similarity, richness, diversity, vertical structure and dynamics parameters. In the REF area, there was a considerable increase in the density of individuals along the years and the establishment of different species. In this sense, the evaluation of natural regeneration in REF has shown that resilience is gradually being resumed, a necessary condition to support the potential for environmental self-sustainability. However, given the disturbance history, it can be concluded that the environment moves to an alternative state, which is possibly different from that prior to degradation.

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Based on the possibility of real-time interaction with three-dimensional environments through an advanced interface, Virtual Reality consist in the main technology of this work, used in the design of virtual environments based on real Hydroelectric Plants. Previous to the process of deploying a Virtual Reality System for operation, three-dimensional modeling and interactive scenes settings are very importante steps. However, due to its magnitude and complexity, power plants virtual environments generation, currently, presents high computing cost. This work aims to present a methodology to optimize the production process of virtual environments associated with real hydroelectric power plants. In partnership with electric utility CEMIG, several HPPs were used in the scope of this work. During the modeling of each one of them, the techiniques within the methodologie were addressed. After the evaluation of the computional techniques presented here, it was possible to confirm a reduction in the time required to deliver each hydroelectrical complex. Thus, this work presents the current scenario about development of virtual hydroelectric power plants and discusses the proposed methodology that seeks to optimize this process in the electricity generation sector.

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Limnoperna fortunei (Dunker, 1857) is a small mytilid native to Southeast Asia. It was introduced in South America in early 1990 and has dispersed from Argentina to central Brazil, and until 2014 has been restricted mainly to the Paraná and Uruguay river basins. The present note reports the occurrence of Limnoperna fortunei for the first time in the São Francisco River basin in northeastern Brazil. The establishment of L. fortunei in these regions will require close attention from the government and also by society.

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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

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The objective of this study is to determine the economical and energetic efficiency of the castor bean culture in "Zona da Mata" and South of Minas Gerais. Through the method of simulation "Monte Carlo", we verified the probabilities of occurrence of the economical, cultural and energetic efficiency indexes. In relation to the production systems of castor bean in Minas Gerais in the season 2005/2006, we established that the variables price and productivity were the most noticeable for the producers from "Zona da Mata", while in the South of Minas it was productivity. We verified that the probability of the economical efficiency index to be lower than one was 43,26% for the producers from "Zona da Mata" and 39,57% for the ones from the South of Minas. The medium price received covered the medium costs of production. However, we observed that the medium costs in these regions of Minas Gerais, were over the minimum price. Regarding the energetic analysis, the results showed that the systems in the regions studied in Minas Gerasi, presented average of cultural efficiency indexes of 8,26 and 18,89. We concluded that despite the result being favorable from the energetic point of view, from the economical sustainability point of view there is the need of a more effective support policy for the castor bean, taking into consideration that the expectations of the producers with PNPB were not confirmed.

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In this study, organic coffee production systems energy efficiency was estimate. So, an itinerary technical was built since the deployment phase up to the organic coffee production. The inputs used (labor, machine hours, pesticides, fertilizers, etc.) converted into energy units, quantified the energy input, while the production of organic coffee beans benefited was constituted the energy output. Data collection was based on an intentional and non-probabilistic sampling. Nine farmers were interviewed whose main source of income was the coffee production and had keep records of the culture data. The balances were positive, with an energy yield of 626.465MJ.ha-1, compared to an energy expenditure of 112.998MJ.ha-1 during the crop cycle. It is concluded that organic coffee production is energy efficient.

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A informação precisa e atualizada referente à produção agrícola brasileira é importante e estratégica, tanto do ponto de vista econômico como da segurança alimentar. O aumento da disponibilidade de imagens de sensoriamento remoto, bem como outros avanços tecnológicos recentes, como os sistemas de informação geográfica (SIGs) e os aparelhos de posicionamento global (GPS), podem facilitar a obtenção de estimativas de área plantada, um componente fundamental da previsão de safras, e permitir o acesso a uma informação essencial em aplicações ambientais: a localização espacial dos cultivos. Embora a previsão oficial de safras no Brasil ainda seja realizada de forma subjetiva, existe um esforço da Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento (CONAB) para o aperfeiçoamento metodológico do sistema de previsão, que inclui o Projeto GeoSafras. A presente pesquisa, que pretende contribuir para esse esforço, é baseada numa abordagem que associa a amostragem estatística, imagens de satélite, SIG e GPS, e que foi desenvolvida preliminarmente pela Embrapa Meio Ambiente para estimar, de forma objetiva e probabilística, a área plantada com determinada cultura em um Município.

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A produção da lima ácida 'Tahiti' tem evoluído no país tanto na adoção de novas tecnologias como em maiores áreas plantadas pelos citricultores, fato esse diretamente ligado à crescente demanda de mercados externos por essa fruta. A região do Perímetro Irrigado de Jaíba (MG) é uma nova fronteira agrícola onde a lima ácida 'Tahiti' tem se tornado uma cultura de destaque em função das condições climáticas e pela presença de diversas instituições de apoio àagricultura, tanto públicas (Empresa de Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural de Minas Gerais - Emater- MG, Embrapa, Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem Rural - Senar-MG, Companhia de Desenvolvimento dos Vales do São Francisco e do Parnaíba - Codevasf, Distrito de Irrigação de Jaíba - DIJ, Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais - Epamig, Instituto Mineiro de Agropecuária - IMA, Federação da Agricultura e Pecuária do Estado de Minas Gerais - Faemg e Central Exportaminas) quanto privadas, a exemplo da Centraljai, importante central de associações de produtores de limão, que tem papel decisivo no beneficiamento e na comercialização da produção local, pois possui uma empacotadora sob sua responsabilidade. Entretanto, paralelamente à demanda crescente por essa fruteira, também crescem as exigências dos mercados importadores nos quesitos ambientais e sociais, em que a rastreabilidade da produção é fator preponderante para garantir sucesso na comercialização. Por isso, o sistema de Produção Integrada (PI) aparece como uma opção ideal à cadeia produtiva do limão 'Tahiti', pois é constituído por um conjunto de práticas agronômicas selecionadas a partir daquelas disponíveis, que asseguram a qualidade e produtividade da cultura e prioriza princípios baseados na sustentabilidade, em que se tem maior controle tanto na utilização dos recursos naturais como na regulação de insumos poluentes, a fim de possibilitar o correto monitoramento do processo e a verificação de todo o sistema.

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Detailed spectroscopic and chemical investigation of matioliite, including infrared and Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and electron probe microanalysis has been carried out on homogeneous samples from the Gentil pegmatite, Mendes Pimentel, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The chemical composition is (wt.%): FeO 2.20, CaO 0.05, Na2O 1.28, MnO 0.06, Al2O3 39.82, P2O5 42.7, MgO 4.68, F 0.02 and H2O 9.19; total 100.00. The mineral crystallize in the monoclinic crystal system, C2/c space group, with a = 25.075(1) Å, b = 5.0470(3) Å, c = 13.4370(7) Å, β = 110.97(3)°, V = 1587.9(4) Å3, Z = 4. Raman spectroscopy coupled with infrared spectroscopy supports the concept of phosphate, hydrogen phosphate and dihydrogen phosphate units in the structure of matioliite. Infrared and Raman bands attributed to water and hydroxyl stretching modes are identified. Vibrational spectroscopy adds useful information to the molecular structure of matioliite.

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This research was done on lazulite samples from the Gentil mine, a lithium bearing pegmatite located in the municipality of Mendes Pimentel, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Chemical analysis was carried out by electron microprobe analysis and indicated a magnesium rich phase with partial substitution of iron. Traces of Ca and Mn, (which partially replaced Mg) were found. The calculated chemical formula of the studied sample is: (Mg0.88, Fe0.11)Al1.87(PO4)2.08(OH)2.02. The Raman spectrum of lazulite is dominated by an intense sharp band at 1060 cm-1 assigned to PO stretching vibrations of of tetrahedral [PO4] clusters presents into the HPO2/4- units. Two Raman bands at 1102 and 1137 cm-1 are attributed to both the HOP and PO antisymmetric stretching vibrations. The two infrared bands at 997 and 1007 cm-1 are attributed to the m1 PO3/4- symmetric stretching modes. The intense bands at 1035, 1054, 1081, 1118 and 1154 cm-1 are assigned to the v3PO3/4- antisymmetric stretching modes from both the HOP and tetrahedral [PO4] clusters. A set of Raman bands at 605, 613, 633 and 648 cm-1 are assigned to the m4 out of plane bending modes of the PO4, HPO4 and H2PO4 units. Raman bands observed at 414, 425, 460, and 479 cm-1 are attributed to the m2 tetrahedral PO4 clusters, HPO4 and H2PO4 bending modes. The intense Raman band at 3402 and the infrared band at 3403 cm-1 are assigned to the stretching vibration of the OH units. A combination of Raman and infrared spectroscopy enabled aspects of the molecular structure of the mineral lazulite to be understood.

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The mineral natrodufrénite a secondary pegmatite phosphate mineral from Minas Gerais, Brazil, has been studied by a combination of scanning electron microscopy and vibrational spectroscopic techniques. Electron probe analysis shows the formula of the studied mineral as (Na0.88Ca0.12)∑1.00(Mn0.11Mg0.08Ca0.04Zr0.01Cu0.01)∑0.97(Al0.02)∑4.91(PO4)3.96(OH6.15F0.07)6.22⋅2.05(H2O). Raman spectroscopy identifies an intense peak at 1003 cm−1 assigned to the ν1 symmetric stretching mode. Raman bands are observed at 1059 and 1118 cm−1 and are attributed to the ν3 antisymmetric stretching vibrations. A comparison is made with the spectral data of other hydrate hydroxy phosphate minerals including cyrilovite and wardite. Raman bands at 560, 582, 619 and 668 cm−1 are assigned to the ν4 bending modes and Raman bands at 425, 444, 477 and 507 cm−1 are due to the ν2 bending modes. Raman bands in the 2600–3800 cm−1 spectral range are attributed to water and OH stretching vibrations. Vibrational spectroscopy enables aspects of the molecular structure of natrodufrénite to be assessed.

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Analisa o processo de criação das obras arquitetônicas de Oscar Oscar Niemeyer em Minas Gerais, do período de 1938 a 1955.