Complete genome sequence of a novel zantedeschia mild mosaic virus isolate: The first report from Australia and from Alocasia sp

The complete genome of an Australian isolate of zantedeschia mild mosaic virus (ZaMMV) causing mosaic symptoms on Alocasia sp. (designated ZaMMVAU) was cloned and sequenced. The genome comprises 9942 nucleotides (excluding the poly-A tail) and encodes a polyprotein of 3167 amino acids. The sequence is most closely related to a previously reported ZaMMV isolate from Taiwan (ZaMMV-TW), with 82 and 86 % identity at the nucleotide and amino acid level, respectively. Unlike the amino acid sequence of ZaMMV-TW, however, ZaMMV-AU does not contain a polyglutamine stretch at the N-terminus of the coat-protein-coding region upstream of the DAG motif. This is the first report of ZaMMV from Australia and from Alocasia sp.

Utilidad de marcadores RAPD en la caracterización molecular de quequisque (Xanthosoma spp.) de Nicaragua. Estudio preliminar

El quequisque es un cultivo de importancia en los trópicos y subtrópicos por ser fuente de alimento y recursos para productores. Nicaragua está ubicada en el centro de origen del género Xanthosoma , donde pueden encontrarse muchas especies silvestres de uso potencial. Sin embargo, la información sobre la relación genética inter e intra específica es escasa. Se evaluó el uso de los marcadores moleculares generados por 40 cebadores RAPD (kits B y D, Operon technologies) en la caracterización de especies del género Xanthosoma colectados en Nicaragua. Con tal fin se extrajo ADN de vitroplantas de tres especies Xanthosoma silvestres y cuatro cultivadas, cuatro Alocasia ornamentales y tres Colocasia cultivadas. Los marcadores moleculares generados fueron sometidos al análisis genético utilizando el programa Neighbour joining. Catorce de los cebadores revelaron polimorfismo entre los genotipos. El dendograma generado agrupó las Xanthosoma cultivadas y silvestres, exceptuando X mexicum. Las especies Colocasia y Alocasia no formaron un grupo claro. Este estudio confirma la variación genética en las especies Xanthosoma silvestres y cultivadas creciendo en Nicaragua. Los marcadores moleculares generados por los catorce cebadores RAPD pueden ser utilizados para la caracterización molecular del banco de germoplasma del género Xanthosoma colectado en el país.

Comparative study and characterization of starches isolated from unconventional tuber sources

Some properties of canna (Canna indica L.) and bore (Alocasia macrorrhiza) starches were evaluated and compared using cassava starch (Manihot esculenta Crantz) as a reference. Proximate analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and viscosity measurements were performed. Canna and bore starches showed a similar degree of purity as that of the cassava starch. Canna starch exhibited higher thermal stability and viscosity of solution values than those of bore and cassava starches. XRD spectra showed that canna starch crystallizes as a B-type structure; however, bore and cassava starches crystallize as an A-type structure. Results proved that canna and bore starches are promising bio(materials), obtained from unconventional sources, to be used for industrial applications, as their physicochemical properties are similar to those of cassava starch, which it is known has potential applications in this area.