Street computing : towards an integrated open data Application Programming Interface (API) for cities

This special issue of the Journal of Urban Technology brings together five articles that are based on presentations given at the Street Computing workshop held on 24 November 2009 in Melbourne in conjunction with the Australian Computer-Human Interaction conference (OZCHI 2009). Our own article introduces the Street Computing vision and explores the potential, challenges and foundations of this research vision. In order to do so, we first look at the currently available sources of information and discuss their link to existing research efforts. Section 2 then introduces the notion of Street Computing and our research approach in more detail. Section 3 looks beyond the core concept itself and summarises related work in this field of interest.

Program your city : designing an urban integrated open data API

Cities accumulate and distribute vast sets of digital information. Many decision-making and planning processes in councils, local governments and organisations are based on both real-time and historical data. Until recently, only a small, carefully selected subset of this information has been released to the public – usually for specific purposes (e.g. train timetables, release of planning application through websites to name just a few). This situation is however changing rapidly. Regulatory frameworks, such as the Freedom of Information Legislation in the US, the UK, the European Union and many other countries guarantee public access to data held by the state. One of the results of this legislation and changing attitudes towards open data has been the widespread release of public information as part of recent Government 2.0 initiatives. This includes the creation of public data catalogues such as data.gov.au (U.S.), data.gov.uk (U.K.), data.gov.au (Australia) at federal government levels, and datasf.org (San Francisco) and data.london.gov.uk (London) at municipal levels. The release of this data has opened up the possibility of a wide range of future applications and services which are now the subject of intensified research efforts. Previous research endeavours have explored the creation of specialised tools to aid decision-making by urban citizens, councils and other stakeholders (Calabrese, Kloeckl & Ratti, 2008; Paulos, Honicky & Hooker, 2009). While these initiatives represent an important step towards open data, they too often result in mere collections of data repositories. Proprietary database formats and the lack of an open application programming interface (API) limit the full potential achievable by allowing these data sets to be cross-queried. Our research, presented in this paper, looks beyond the pure release of data. It is concerned with three essential questions: First, how can data from different sources be integrated into a consistent framework and made accessible? Second, how can ordinary citizens be supported in easily composing data from different sources in order to address their specific problems? Third, what are interfaces that make it easy for citizens to interact with data in an urban environment? How can data be accessed and collected?

Street computing : towards an integrated open data Application Programming Interface (API) for cities

This special issue of the Journal of Urban Technology brings together five articles that are based on presentations given at the Street Computing Workshop held on 24 November 2009 in Melbourne in conjunction with the Australian Computer- Human Interaction conference (OZCHI 2009). Our own article introduces the Street Computing vision and explores the potential, challenges, and foundations of this research trajectory. In order to do so, we first look at the currently available sources of information and discuss their link to existing research efforts. Section 2 then introduces the notion of Street Computing and our research approach in more detail. Section 3 looks beyond the core concept itself and summarizes related work in this field of interest. We conclude by introducing the papers that have been contributed to this special issue.

Sincronización con las API de Google en la plataforma de gestión empresarial AonSolutions

Interconexión entre la API de Google y la plataforma de gestión empresarial AonSolutions.

Magnet loturak: bezero-zerbitzari API baten garapena

Dokumentu honek magnet lotura eta web API arloak lantzen dituen Gradu Amaierako Proiektua deskribatzen du. Teknologia horiek liburu elektronikoak partekatzeko erabili dira eta sortutako aplikazioari Liburutruk izena eman zaio. Honakoak dira Liburutruk-en ezaugarri nagusienak: • Zerbitzariak web API api publiko eta dokumentatua eskaintzen du. • APIaren bidez liburuak eta horiei lotutako baliabideak kudeatu daitezke. • Gehitutako liburuak BitTorrent bidez partekatzen ditu eta liburu horien magnet loturak sortzen ditu. • Web-nabigatzaileetan exekutatzen den bezeroa du, orri bakarreko aplikazioa dena. • Bezeroak zerbitzariaren APIa erabiltzen du. • Aplikazioa eta kodea edonork eskura ditzake.

DistributedCL: middleware de processamento distribuído em GPU com interface da API OpenCL.

Este trabalho apresenta a proposta de um middleware, chamado DistributedCL, que torna transparente o processamento paralelo em GPUs distribuídas. Com o suporte do middleware DistributedCL uma aplicação, preparada para utilizar a API OpenCL, pode executar de forma distribuída, utilizando GPUs remotas, de forma transparente e sem necessidade de alteração ou nova compilação do seu código. A arquitetura proposta para o middleware DistributedCL é modular, com camadas bem definidas e um protótipo foi construído de acordo com a arquitetura, onde foram empregados vários pontos de otimização, incluindo o envio de dados em lotes, comunicação assíncrona via rede e chamada assíncrona da API OpenCL. O protótipo do middleware DistributedCL foi avaliado com o uso de benchmarks disponíveis e também foi desenvolvido o benchmark CLBench, para avaliação de acordo com a quantidade dos dados. O desempenho do protótipo se mostrou bom, superior às propostas semelhantes, tendo alguns resultados próximos do ideal, sendo o tamanho dos dados para transmissão através da rede o maior fator limitante.

GYGAX: Multi-Sensor Software Platform API

CLI .NET 4.0 research prototype platform coded in C# and Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF)

C代码API一致性检验中的等值分析

在实际中对C代码进行API一致性检验的过程中发现，API(application programming interface)规范大都涉及以数值为论域的时序性质与在静态分析过程中所能获取的以变量符号为占位符的独立语义之间存在分析上的缺口．在仔细考察c代码变量符号间等值关系的基础上，给出基于值等价类空间的等值分析方法．这种流相关的分析方法不仅可以在API一致性检验的过程中维护变量符号域和数值域之间的对应关系，而且由于能够屏蔽等值关系以外的其他信息，还可以为后继分析的优化提供有力的支持．

基于WinSock API局域网通信的应用与实现

介绍了Winsock API(Windows Sockets API)通信原理,讨论了Winsock API实现异步通信的具体方法,以及解决多客户端的连接技术,最后给出了相应的关键性程序代码。

The hydrogen permeation investigation of API X56 steel in sea mud

It was found that the corrosion rate of steel in the sea mud with sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) could be as high as 10 times of that in the sea mud without SRB. And the hydrogen permeation reaction would occur when metals were corroded. So it is necessary to investigate the effect of living SRB on hydrogen permeation in the sea mud. Cathodic potential was often added to metals in order to protect them. But hydrogen permeation could be affected by the cathodic potential. So it is also necessary to study the effect of cathodic potential on hydrogen permeation. In this paper, the hydrogen permeation actions of APT X56 steel in the sea mud with and without SRB at corrosion and cathodic potential were studied with an improved Devanathan-Stachurski's electrolytic cell. Experimental results showed that during the growth of SRB, the current density curve of hydrogen permeation was accordant with the growth curve of SRB. But the hydrogen permeation current density of APT X56 steel hardly changed in the sterilized sea mud. Compared with the hydrogen permeation current density of APT X56 steel in the sterilized sea mud, the hydrogen permeation of APT X56 steel in the sea mud could be accelerated by living SRB. Experimental results also showed that the hydrogen permeation current density increased rapidly when the cathodic potential was added to the three-electrode system of the cathodic cell, and then the hydrogen permeation current density could obtain a stable value slowly. So the cathodic potential added to the cathodic cell could accelerate hydrogen permeation.

Utilizando a API HTTPUnit no Sistema Agritempo.

Este trabalho apresenta o uso da API HTTPUnit para recuperar dados de previsão do tempo utilizados na geração dos mapas a partir do site www.somarmeteorologia.com.br

itmBench: Generalized API for Internet Traffic Managers

Internet Traffic Managers (ITMs) are special machines placed at strategic places in the Internet. itmBench is an interface that allows users (e.g. network managers, service providers, or experimental researchers) to register different traffic control functionalities to run on one ITM or an overlay of ITMs. Thus itmBench offers a tool that is extensible and powerful yet easy to maintain. ITM traffic control applications could be developed either using a kernel API so they run in kernel space, or using a user-space API so they run in user space. We demonstrate the flexibility of itmBench by showing the implementation of both a kernel module that provides a differentiated network service, and a user-space module that provides an overlay routing service. Our itmBench Linux-based prototype is free software and can be obtained from http://www.cs.bu.edu/groups/itm/.

PeriScope: An Active Internet Probing and Measurement API

Growing interest in inference and prediction of network characteristics is justified by its importance for a variety of network-aware applications. One widely adopted strategy to characterize network conditions relies on active, end-to-end probing of the network. Active end-to-end probing techniques differ in (1) the structural composition of the probes they use (e.g., number and size of packets, the destination of various packets, the protocols used, etc.), (2) the entity making the measurements (e.g. sender vs. receiver), and (3) the techniques used to combine measurements in order to infer specific metrics of interest. In this paper, we present Periscope: a Linux API that enables the definition of new probing structures and inference techniques from user space through a flexible interface. PeriScope requires no support from clients beyond the ability to respond to ICMP ECHO REQUESTs and is designed to minimize user/kernel crossings and to ensure various constraints (e.g., back-to-back packet transmissions, fine-grained timing measurements) We show how to use Periscope for two different probing purposes, namely the measurement of shared packet losses between pairs of endpoints and for the measurement of subpath bandwidth. Results from Internet experiments for both of these goals are also presented.

Drug Polymer Thermodynamic Phase Diagrams in the Selection of Optimal API-Polymer Compositions for Amorphous Solid Dispersions

Purpose The aim of this work was to examine, for amorphous solid dispersions, how the thermal analysis method selected impacts on the construction of thermodynamic phase diagrams, and to assess the predictive value of such phase diagrams in the selection of optimal, physically stable API-polymer compositions. Methods Thermodynamic phase diagrams for two API/polymer systems (naproxen/HPMC AS LF and naproxen/Kollidon 17 PF) were constructed from data collected using two different thermal analysis methods. The “dynamic” method involved heating the physical mixture at a rate of 1 &[deg]C/minute. In the "static" approach, samples were held at a temperature above the polymer Tg for prolonged periods, prior to scanning at 10 &[deg]C/minute. Subsequent to construction of phase diagrams, solid dispersions consisting of API-polymer compositions representative of different zones in the phase diagrams were spray dried and characterised using DSC, pXRD, TGA, FTIR, DVS and SEM. The stability of these systems was investigated under the following conditions: 25 &[deg]C, desiccated; 25 &[deg]C, 60 % RH; 40 &[deg]C, desiccated; 40 &[deg]C, 60 % RH. Results Endset depression occurred with increasing polymer volume fraction (Figure 1a). In conjunction with this data, Flory-Huggins and Gordon-Taylor theory were applied to construct thermodynamic phase diagrams (Figure 1b). The Flory-Huggins interaction parameter (&[chi]) for naproxen and HPMC AS LF was + 0.80 and + 0.72, for the dynamic and static methods respectively. For naproxen and Kollidon 17 PF, the dynamic data resulted in an interaction parameter of - 1.1 and the isothermal data produced a value of - 2.2. For both systems, the API appeared to be less soluble in the polymer when the dynamic approach was used. Stability studies of spray dried solid dispersions could be used as a means of validating the thermodynamic phase diagrams. Conclusion The thermal analysis method used to collate data has a deterministic effect on the phase diagram produced. This effect should be considered when constructing thermodynamic phase diagrams, as they can be a useful tool in predicting the stability of amorphous solid dispersions.

Análise da resistência à fadiga de tubos de aço API 5CT N80 Tipo Q soldados via processo de indução magnética de alta frequência (HFIW)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)