927 resultados para Reforma administrativa - Mato Grosso


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O presente trabalho teve por objetivo verificar a influência de densidades populacionais com variação de 133,3 mil a 533,3 mil plantas por hectare, distribuídas em diferentes espaçamentos entrelinhas (0,30 m; 0,45 m e 0,60 m) e número de plantas na linha de semeadura (8, 12 e 16 plantas por metro linear), em componentes do rendimento e no desenvolvimento do feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), cultivares IAC-Carioca Pyatã e IAC-Bico de Ouro, de porte semi-ereto a ereto, cultivados sob irrigação no inverno (maio a agosto de 1995), em Selvíria (MS). Obteve-se uma redução do número de vagens e do número de grãos por planta com o aumento da densidade de semeadura por metro linear, ou com a diminuição do espaçamento entrelinhas. Com esse espaçamento reduzido houve um efeito compensatório no rendimento de grãos, devido ao aumento da população de plantas por área, e à maior massa de sementes. Para os cultivares de porte semi-ereto a ereto obtiveram-se maiores rendimentos em grãos na densidade populacional de 266,7 mil plantas por hectare, utilizando-se o espaçamento de 0,30 m entrelinhas e oito plantas por metro linear.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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O nitrogênio é o nutriente aplicado em maior quantidade à cultura do feijão, o mais limitante ao crescimento e desenvolvimento das plantas e o que mais onera o custo de produção. Uma boa opção para o produtor diminuir custos, com a utilização de fertilizantes nitrogenados, é a utilização de plantas de cobertura do solo, também conhecidas como adubos verdes. Assim, este trabalho objetivou avaliar os custos de produção e índices de lucratividade de diferentes tratamentos envolvendo coberturas vegetais e doses de nitrogênio em cobertura, na cultura do feijoeiro irrigado, em sistema plantio direto, nas safras de inverno de 2010 e 2011. O trabalho foi realizado em área experimental localizada no município de Selvíria (MS), em Latossolo Vermelho distrófico típico. Os tratamentos constituíram-se de seis coberturas vegetais (Crotalaria juncea, milheto, guandú, Crotalaria juncea + milheto, guandú + milheto e pousio) e quatro doses de N (0 kg ha-1, 30 kg ha-1, 60 kg ha-1 e 90 kg ha-1). Foram estimados o custo operacional total, receita bruta, lucro operacional, índice de lucratividade, produtividade de equilíbrio e o preço de equilíbrio. Concluiu-se que o uso da Crotalaria juncea, como cobertura vegetal do solo, proporcionou os maiores valores de custo operacional total e lucro operacional e os melhores índices de lucratividade, e que o incremento nas doses de nitrogênio aumentou o custo operacional total, com tendência de aumento na produtividade e, consequentemente, no preço de equilíbrio.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Hemicelluloses are polysaccharides of low molecular weight containing 100 to 200 glycosidic residues. In plants, the xylans or the hemicelluloses are situated between the lignin and the collection of cellulose fibers underneath. The xylan is the most common hemicellulosic polysaccharide in cell walls of land plants, comprising a backbone of xylose residues linked by beta-1,4-glycosidic bonds. So, xylanolytic enzymes from microorganism have attracted a great deal of attention in the last decade, particularly because of their biotechnological characteristics in various industrial processes, related to food, feed, ethanol, pulp, and paper industries. A microbial screening of xylanase producer was carried out in Brazilian Cerrado area in Selviria city, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil. About 50 bacterial strains and 15 fungal strains were isolated from soil sample at 35 A degrees C. Between these isolated microorganisms, a bacterium Lysinibacillus sp. and a fungus Neosartorya spinosa as good xylanase producers were identified. Based on identification processes, Lysinibacillus sp. is a new species and the xylanase production by this bacterial genus was not reported yet. Similarly, it has not reported about xylanase production from N. spinosa. The bacterial strain P5B1 identified as Lysinibacillus sp. was cultivated on submerged fermentation using as substrate xylan, wheat bran, corn straw, corncob, and sugar cane bagasse. Corn straw and wheat bran show a good xylanase activity after 72 h of fermentation. A fungus identified as N. spinosa (strain P2D16) was cultivated on solid-state fermentation using as substrate source wheat bran, wheat bran plus sawdust, corn straw, corncob, cassava bran, and sugar cane bagasse. Wheat bran and corncobs show the better xylanase production after 72 h of fermentation. Both crude xylanases were characterized and a bacterial xylanase shows optimum pH for enzyme activity at 6.0, whereas a fungal xylanase has optimum pH at 5.0-5.5. They were stable in the pH range 5.0-10.0 and 5.5-8.5 for bacterial and fungal xylanase, respectively. The optimum temperatures were 55C and 60 A degrees C for bacterial and fungal xylanase, respectively, and they were thermally stable up to 50 A degrees C.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Effect of green manure and sowing date on the productivity of bean no-tillage in the Cerrado region. Green manure and sowing date are two important factors that influence the productivity of cultivars. The objective of this study was to evaluate the production of biomass from different vegetation covers (millet, sorghum and Brachiaria brizantha) and the accumulation of nutrients and their effects on the bean cultivars (Pearl, IAC Tuna and Carioca Precoce) at different sowing dates (6/22 and 7/6). The experiment was conducted at the experimental area of the Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, located in Selviria, Mato Grosso do Sul State, in the 2006/2007 agricultural year. The randomized blocks design was used with four replications, and the evaluations of the coverage were: the biomass of fresh and dry matter and nutrients accumulated in plants; for the beans: cycle, final stand, number of pods/plant, number of seeds per pod, mass of 100 seeds, and productivity. It was observed that millet and sorghum showed higher productivity of fresh and dry mass, and accumulate greater quantity of nutrients in straw; the time most suitable for sowing was in June, and the late sowing of cv. Carioca Precoce did not affect their productivity, the use of Brachiaria brizantha straw in coverage provided better conditions for productivity in the bean no-tillage system.

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The use of glyphosate sub-lethal rates can be an alternative to reduce the plant height of sunn hemp, facilitating its mechanical harvest. However, little known on the other effects that its application can result in this culture. This work aimed to evaluate the influence of application times (10; 20 and 30 days after the emergence) and glyphosate sub-lethal rates (0; 30; 60; 90 and 120 g ha(-1)), on the vegetative and reproductive development of Crotalaria juncea cultivated in no-tillage system. The experiment was conducted between the january and june months of year 2010, in Selviria, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil, on a clayey Rhodic Haplustox (20 degrees 20' S and 51 degrees 24' W). The experiment design was randomized blocks in factorial arrangement 3 x 5 (application times x glyphosate rates), with four replicates. Were measured agronomic characters and productivity and the results undergone to the test F, being the times averages compared by Tukey test (P<0.05) and of rates by regression analysis. The stem diameter, seeds number per pod and mass of one thousand seeds not were affected by glyphosate application. Despite the glyphosate have provided reduction in plant height and increase of the branches number in Crotalaria juncea, not recommended the sub-lethal rates application of product per of affect straightly the culture productivity.

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Este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar o efeito de seis concentrações de ácido indolbutírico (IBA) no enraizamento de estacas herbáceas de figueira (Ficus carica L.) sob nebulização intermitente, em três épocas diferentes. Os ensaios foram instalados em maio/2004, setembro/2004 e janeiro/2005, e, em cada época, o delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com seis concentrações de IBA (0, 500, 1.000, 1.500, 2.000, 2.500 e 3.000 mg L-1). As estacas foram coletadas na Fazenda de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão da Unesp, localizada no município de Selvíria, Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, sendo padronizadas com 10 cm de comprimento e duas folhas. Após o preparo das estacas, estas foram tratadas com solução de Metiltiofan, posteriormente imersas nas soluções de IBA por 10 min. em seguida, realizou-se o plantio em jardineiras plásticas de cor preta, contendo vermiculita, que foram transportadas para telado, com 50% de redução de luz, com sistema de irrigação do tipo nebulização intermitente. As variáveis analisadas foram: porcentagem de estacas sobreviventes e enraizadas, número de raízes, comprimento máximo do sistema radicular e massa da matéria seca da raiz. Nas condições em que o trabalho foi conduzido, permite-se concluir que: é viável a propagação herbácea de figueira; houve efeito do IBA apenas em maio, em que a melhor dose foi de 1.000 mg L-1; as melhores épocas para estaquia de estacas herbáceas de figueira são em setembro e janeiro, sem utilização de IBA, nas quais foram obtidos melhores resultados quanto à porcentagem de estacas enraizadas.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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From the 1980s, with technological development, globalization, and in a context of increasingly urgent demands, there is an international movement to modernize the state structures. Being driven by the victory of conservative governments in Britain and the U.S., this speech reform comes only to Brazil in the 1990s, the government of Fernando Henrique Cardoso. Thus, in view of the recent movement of states to implement this reform agenda in their structures this research was to identify the elements that made it possible to attempt to modernize the administrative structure of the state of Piauí in 2003, in view of the political and administrative career in which the state was entered. Seeking to clarify the problem studied here, through a case study carried out a descriptive and exploratory, using a technique of gathering data to document research and interviews semi-structured. As the lens of analysis for this study used the neo-historical and sociological institutionalism, through which it sought to identify the critical moment in which they gave the Administrative Reform of Piaui, the process of breaking with the political and administrative career that previously had being followed, and the isomorphic mechanisms that enabled this speech reform comes up to this state, mechanisms that allow the homogenization of the organizational field. In general it appears that the search for new patterns and new technologies for management by the states in Brazil is due to the context of fiscal crisis in which the states were entered, forcing them to seek alternative models of management . The process of diffusion of New Public Management agenda for the states became possible, among other factors, due to the new scenario in which was inserted into the Brazilian federal system in the second half of the 1990s, characterized by a greater articulation between the horizontalstates, where through the mechanisms of isomorphic institutional change was made possible by the absorption of the speech states reformer of the 1990s. However, due to the specificities of each region is given the experiences state unevenly. In the case of Piauí Administrative Reform only became possible due to the rearrangement of political forces in the state and the mechanisms of isomorphic institutional change, which allowed, in 2003, the state government to absorb the speech reformer