A insersão social da UNESP de Araraquara: sua importância na economia do município e na prestação de serviços à comunidade

O artigo analisa a importância e o significado da inserção social da UNESP de Araraquara, a partir de duas perspectivas: 1. dos impactos sobre a economia do município e do montante de recursos financeiros movimentados; 2. da prestação de serviços à comunidade. O período estudado compreende os anos de 1993 a 1995.

Economia solidária e tecnologias sociais: mediação para a emancipação social de grupos autogestionários

The goal of this paper is to critically analyze the practices developed by Solidarity Economy and to merge them with social technologies, aiming to achieve social transformation of popular groups. This transformation consists in the empowerment of those groups in means of work organization, considering their self-management and also the development of techniques and technologies utilized. Based on the understanding that technical development has no neutral character and it follows linearity within society, a discussion around the forms and uses of technology is conducted here, aiming at the perspective of changes in technologies’ development and also assigning social character to them. To think of social technology requires us to consider the space in which it is inserted, once it refers to a collective demand that belongs to self-managed groups. Therefore, to intent beyond self-management work, new productive forces are discussed here, and also the analysis and adhesion of an alternative technology for popular cooperatives

Economia criativa e estratégia como prática social: uma abordagem teórico-empírico-conceitual a partir de ambientes criativos de grupos musicais

This study seeks to identify how creative environments of musical groups are configured in the Strategy as Practice perspective as theoretical, empirical and conceptual models. It develops within the theoretical framework, discussions on the context of the Creative Economy, Creative Industries, creative environment, organizational paradigm of Creative Economy, music as a creative environment and business, design and dynamics of Strategy as Practice and conjecture about the contextualism and other epistemological currents. The study is shaped as an exploratory and descriptive research, utilizing the qualitative method and being characterized as a Grounded Theory. A total of four musical groups of different styles, markets and areas of operation with over ten years of activity were surveyed. The Grounded Theory and simple observation methods were used for both data collection and analysis. The software ATLAS.ti. was used to help with the analysis. The research shows that the bands perceive the specialized expertise in the virtual social media as a strategic differentiator. It also shows that the groups nourish individuation and the differentiation in their relationship with the individual. Finally, it validates that these organizations get teams involved and value the dynamic design of their routines in strategic decision making, paying attention to a strategic social bias. Strategy and Creative Practice is the main category that emerged from the data. This category is explained through the three aforementioned results. It shows that organizations that are part of the Creative Economy perform simultaneously and dynamically creative and strategic making at both artistic and managerial levels.The theory created is validated by the principles of degree of coherence, functionality, relevance, flexibility, density and integration, and it is inserted in the contextualism principle, which points the knowledge as related to the context in which it is placed and discussed.

A formação e o desenvolvimento de arranjos cooperativos sob a ótica da imersão social e da economia dos custos de transação: um estrudo de caso na Coopercam e na Unipesca

The current study analyzes the birth and development of two strategic alliances established between shrimp producers in Rio Grande do Norte: the Unipesca and the Coopercam. To achieve this aim, two approaches which, at first sight, could be considered contradictory were used: the Transactional Costs Economy and Embeddedness. The first approach is fundamentally based in the studies of Williamson (1985; 1991; 1996; 1999; 2000; 2002). Embededness, on the other hand, went through the review of a series of authors, such as Burt (1992), Granovetter (1973; 1985), Uzzi (1997), Gulati (1994; 1995; 1997; 1998; 1999; 2000), Nielsen (2005), Ring (2002), Ring and Van de Ven (1994), Zafirovski (2002), among others. To analyze the birth and development of the cooperatives in this study, Gulati s work (1998) was used. This study shows the steps to be studied for a better comprehension of an alliance: the decision of starting an alliance and the choice of the partners, the decision about the governance structure, the evolution of the alliance and the development of the companies which established this partnership. To carry this study out, a study case accordingly to Yin s proposal (2001) was adopted. Semi-structured interviews with pre-defined plots were conducted in two phases: in the beginning of 2006 and in the beginning of 2007. The subjects from the research were, in 2006, representative members of the main associations and corporations, besides the shrimp producers from the state, when the context of the activity was set. In the second phase, in 2007, representative members from the two cooperatives that were listed above were interviewed the president from Coopercam and the marketing manager from Unipesca. Besides these two members, directors from two important organizations in each of these cooperatives were also interviewed, giving out the necessary information for the research. Secondary data was also collected from the Brazilian Association of Crab producers website, as well as from news from important newspapers in RN, such as Tribuna do Norte. The primary data was analyzed in terms of quality, accordingly to the documental analysis technique. Thus, through the data that was collected, it can be concluded that the reasons that motivated the companies to cooperate can be explained in terms of the transactional costs economy. However, the choice of partners is more connected to aspects approached by the social embededness. When aspects related to development and evolution were analyzed, it could be seen that both aspects from TCE and Embededness were vital to explain the development of the cooperatives mentioned

A formação e o desenvolvimento de arranjos cooperativos sob a ótica da imersão social e da economia dos custos de transação: um estrudo de caso na Coopercam e na Unipesca

The current study analyzes the birth and development of two strategic alliances established between shrimp producers in Rio Grande do Norte: the Unipesca and the Coopercam. To achieve this aim, two approaches which, at first sight, could be considered contradictory were used: the Transactional Costs Economy and Embeddedness. The first approach is fundamentally based in the studies of Williamson (1985; 1991; 1996; 1999; 2000; 2002). Embededness, on the other hand, went through the review of a series of authors, such as Burt (1992), Granovetter (1973; 1985), Uzzi (1997), Gulati (1994; 1995; 1997; 1998; 1999; 2000), Nielsen (2005), Ring (2002), Ring and Van de Ven (1994), Zafirovski (2002), among others. To analyze the birth and development of the cooperatives in this study, Gulati s work (1998) was used. This study shows the steps to be studied for a better comprehension of an alliance: the decision of starting an alliance and the choice of the partners, the decision about the governance structure, the evolution of the alliance and the development of the companies which established this partnership. To carry this study out, a study case accordingly to Yin s proposal (2001) was adopted. Semi-structured interviews with pre-defined plots were conducted in two phases: in the beginning of 2006 and in the beginning of 2007. The subjects from the research were, in 2006, representative members of the main associations and corporations, besides the shrimp producers from the state, when the context of the activity was set. In the second phase, in 2007, representative members from the two cooperatives that were listed above were interviewed the president from Coopercam and the marketing manager from Unipesca. Besides these two members, directors from two important organizations in each of these cooperatives were also interviewed, giving out the necessary information for the research. Secondary data was also collected from the Brazilian Association of Crab producers website, as well as from news from important newspapers in RN, such as Tribuna do Norte. The primary data was analyzed in terms of quality, accordingly to the documental analysis technique. Thus, through the data that was collected, it can be concluded that the reasons that motivated the companies to cooperate can be explained in terms of the transactional costs economy. However, the choice of partners is more connected to aspects approached by the social embededness. When aspects related to development and evolution were analyzed, it could be seen that both aspects from TCE and Embededness were vital to explain the development of the cooperatives mentioned

Cambios experimentados en la situación social de los sectores más pobres

Desde hace algunos años, la Argentina ha disfrutado de un contexto económico favorable que se ha traducido en altas tasas de crecimiento y aumentos en el empleo y los salarios. Más allá de las dificultades que generan las distorsiones sobre el sistema estadístico, existen evidencias que sugieren progresos importantes en términos de mejoras en el nivel de ingreso de las familias más pobres. Sin embargo, los avances han sido modestos en los aspectos más estructurales, como la inserción laboral, el acceso a la vivienda y a la infraestructura sanitaria básica. Esto está asociado al hecho de que la política social ha priorizado las transferencias monetarias directas por sobre la inversión en mejorar el capital humano y físico de los sectores más pobres. En este número de Empleo y Desarrollo Social se presentan propuestas para revertir la tendencia y combatir la pobreza con una estrategia más integrada que también enfatice políticas de largo plazo.

La mitad de la población continúa sin tener un empleo decente y esto explica la crítica situación social

Los datos de la Encuesta Permanente de Hogares que el INDEC ha vuelto a publicar recientemente revelan que en la Argentina hay 4,4 millones de personas con empleos informales de mala calidad y 1 millón de desempleados. Esta evidencia demuestra que a pesar del crecimiento económico y de las medidas implementadas en los últimos años, los problemas laborales continúan sin resolverse. La devaluación del año 2002 indujo una importante generación de empleos sustentada en la erosión del salario real, pero este modelo se ha agotado. Ahora es necesario implementar una fuerte modernización de las instituciones laborales, con énfasis en un régimen especial para las microempresas que concentran un alto porcentaje del empleo privado no registrado y operan con una lógica de “trabajo – trabajo”

Microcréditos : tensión social entre destinatarios y tasa de interés

Introducción: El presente tiene como objetivo abordar, lo que denominaremos, la “tensión social” existente en los microcréditos. El estudio comparativo con legislaciones de otros países (Delfiner, Gómez, Perón, 2009), las regulaciones a nivel local (Delfiner, Pailhé y Perón, 2006), la situación del sector en la Argentina (PNUD, 2005), las IMF (Instituciones Micro Financieras) y las dificultades del sector (Larrea, Curat, Adúriz, Font Guido, 2010), la articulación público-privada (Montes de Oca, 2011), entre otros, nos han servido de base para poder abordar la problemática. En este primer trabajo y como avance de investigación, se trata de dilucidar y reflexionar sobre esta “tensión social”: los públicos más vulnerables soportan tasas de interés más elevadas. Es decir trataremos de describir y explicar esta aparente contradicción: Si el microcrédito intenta ayudar a combatir la pobreza ¿Por qué la tasa que pagan los prestatarios son elevadas? El presente análisis se centra en la realidad Argentina del año 2014...

La asistencia social prevista para 2007 permitiría eliminar la brecha de la pobreza con una gestión adecuada

Argentina destina a la asistencia social alrededor de un 2,3% del PIB, una magnitud de recursos que permitiría cerrar la actual brecha de la pobreza. En este número de Empleo y Desarrollo se analiza porqué esto no ha ocurrido en los hechos y se propone una reformulación de la estrategia asistencial que otorgue mayor protagonismo a los gobiernos locales y a las instituciones de la sociedad civil

Promover la inclusión social a través de la formalización de pequeñas empresas

El Índice de Ingresos de Hogares Pobres (IIHP) que elabora la Universidad Católica Argentina sigue mostrando que los ingresos de estas familias aún no consiguen recuperar los niveles que tenían en 2001 (ver Recuadro 1). A pesar de la mejora del 0.4% en términos reales durante el mes de agosto, el índice representa el 96,3% de su nivel promedio de 2001, lo que se explica principalmente por el débil crecimiento de los salarios en el sector de trabajadores no registrados. En vistas de este fenómeno, en Empleo y Desarrollo Social No. 2 propusimos que el salario mínimo fuera no imponible para la determinación de las cargas sociales en las pequeñas empresas. Esta medida tendría un costo fiscal aceptable y promovería un proceso de “blanqueo” de los trabajadores no registrados. En este número complementamos la propuesta anterior con algunas sugerencias que promueven la formalización de las pequeñas empresas