Opportunistic microorganisms in patients with head and neck trauma

The use of antimicrobial agents has facilitated the dissemination of multi-resistant microorganisms, compromising dental and medical treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of different opportunistic microbial species in patients who suffered head and neck trauma, under temporary maintenance in nosocomial environment, particularly intensive care units, on the occurrence of such microorganisms in the oral cavity of the patients. It was selected 38 patients subjected to head and neck traumas. After emergency surgical procedures, clinical samples of saliva, sub and supragingival biofilms and mucosal surfaces were collected at two different moments: just after stabilization of the patient and soon after patients’ release from medical units. The presence of opportunistic and superinfecting microorganisms was evaluated by culture on selective and non-selective media, and the presence of the family Enterobacteriaceae, as well as genera Enterococcus, Pseudomonas, and Staphylococcus was assessed by PCR. It was found that the use of antimicrobials, even for short periods of time was sufficient to facilitate colonization by microorganisms of the families Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonadaceae, as well as yeasts and enterococci. These results support the concept that medical and dental teams should make a periodically change of antimicrobials used in treatment protocols in hospital for head and neck trauma patients, in order to minimize dissemination of opportunistic or superinfecting microorganisms.

One-hundred days of monitoring of patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: events of metabolic syndrome

Objective This study assessed early manifestations of metabolic syndrome determinants in patients submitted to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Methods Twenty-seven individuals participated in the study (20 with autologous and 7 with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation). Anthropometric variables and biochemical indicators of lipid and glucose metabolism were determined before and 100 days after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.Results The mean total cholesterol (p=0.086), very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (p=0.069) and triglycerides (p=0.086) of all patients did not change significantly between the two study periods, but when the patients were separated by type of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, triglycerides and very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol were close to the critical level of significance for individuals with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (p=0.060) and total cholesterol was significant in individuals with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (p=0.027). Anthropometric variables did not change significantly between before and 100 days after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Conclusion Metabolic syndrome risk factors may be associated with lipid metabolism in the early phase of allogeneic and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Medicamentos inadequados para idosos na estratégia da saúde da família

The ageing process can change the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics parameters. Therefore, some medications are considered potentially inappropriate (PIM) for the elderly people, since they can increase the likelihood of occurrence of adverse drug events. The objectives are to estimate the frequency of use of PIM in the elderly people, with potentially hazardous drug interactions (PHDI) and to evaluate the impact of pharmaceutical intervention (PI) for the prescription of safer therapeutic alternatives. A cross-sectional study was performed in a Health Family Strategy (region of Araraquara, SP), between January and February/2012. The medical records of patients aged ≥60 years, that use at least one drug, were consulted for identification of PIM, according to the Beers criteria. The MPI identified were classified considering the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System (ATC) and the essentiality of the drug (safety, effectiveness, quality and cost parameters) The inclusion criteria were met by 358 elderly, being that 93 of them (26%) had taken at least one PIM. Of the 114 different drugs prescribed for elderly, ten were classified as PIM, of which four of them act on the central nervous system, four on cardiovascular system and two on the digestive tract. Seven MPI are essential medicines, belonging to national list of essential drugs (RENAME-2010). Fourteen drug interactions were identified, of which two are PHDI (fluoxetine/amitriptyline and digoxin/hydrochlorothiazide).After the PI, there was no change in medical prescriptions of patients with PIM use or with DI. Medical prescriptions of elderly attended in the Health Family Strategy show pharmacotherapeutic safety problems, of which may be responsible for health hazardous for this age group. Although the intervention carried out by letter had been ineffective for the adherence of doctors in prescribing safe alternatives, wide dissemination of the lists that contain PIM and PHDI is need, as well as the inclusion of safer equivalents in RENAME, in order to contribute for rational use of drugs.

Extratos secos padronizados: tendência atual em Fitoterapia

Data shows that the use of the medicinal plants in industrialized countries represents around 20% of the total medical prescriptions. Considering the need to establish a safe phytotherapic practice, specially when the evidence based medicine is a current tendency, phytotherapic medicines can no longer justify any doubts regarding its safety and efficacy. So, proof of efficacy and safety must result preferably from properly conducted clinical trials, although the legislation exempts such studies for traditional or well established phytotherapics. In this article, benefits and advantages of standardized dry extracts used in phytotherapic medicines instead of powder drugs and dry extracts are analyzed and discussed. The study reveals as main conclusive remark, that adequate clinical trials are essential to promote this therapeutical practice.

Acesso aos níveis de atenção à saúde em um município do Estado de São Paulo: perspectivas de gestores, profissionais e usuários

Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva - FMB

Arcabouço tridimensional para células tronco, processo de obtenção do mesmo e seu uso

A presente invenção descreve um arcabouço (scaffold) tridimensional biodegradável de fibrina, formado por uma serinoprotease extraída a partir de veneno de serpente, um crioprecipitado rico em fibrinogênio extraído de bubalinos, o diluente cloreto de cálcio e uma solução de uma população de células tronco. O arcabouço é apropriado para suportar uma população de 106 células por mL de fibrina por um período prolongado de tempo, em que as células tronco são mesenquimais, de tecido umbilical e células tronco mononucleares. A invenção descreve, ainda, o processo de obtenção do arcabouço, cujos componentes são providos separadamente e polimerizam-se in situ após mistura. O arcabouço descrito apresenta inúmeras aplicações médicas, podendo aumentar a vascularização, a quimiotaxia celular, a regeneração nervosa e/ou a cicatrização de feridas no local da administração. Devido à sua origem animal, não há o risco de transmitir doenças infecciosas.

Nanopartículas lipídicas como sistemas carreadores para ivermectina e metopreno visando aplicações em veterinária

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Do sagrado ao secular: a contribuição do saber médico para a construção dos cemitérios oitocentistas

Pós-graduação em História - FCHS

Selante de fibrina para uso tópico, método de formação do mesmo e seu uso

A presente invenção descreve um selante de fibrina, o qual compreende uma serinoprotease extraída a partir de veneno de serpente, um crioprecipitado rico em fibrinogênio extraído de bubalinos e o diluente cloreto de cálcio. A invenção ainda ensina o método de formação do selante, cujos componentes são providos separadamente e polimerizam-se in situ após mistura, bem como seu uso. O selante de fibrina descrito apresenta inúmeras aplicações médicas tópicas e não há o risco de transmitir doenças infecciosas.

Política, resistência e vida na função-educador: contribuições de Foucault

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Utilização de material alternativo para a obtenção e caracterização de biomodelos, por meio da técnica de impressão 3DPRINTER

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Comparação dos resultados da gravidez molar entre adolescentes da América do Norte e da América do Sul

Pós-graduação em Ginecologia, Obstetrícia e Mastologia - FMB

Análise da pressão intra-abdominal em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia abdominal oncológica internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva

Pós-graduação em Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (Biotecnologia Médica) - FMB

Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida: a construção social de um mercado

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

O Tracoma no Município de Botucatu - Estado de São Paulo: medidas de Detecção, Educação em Saúde, Prevenção e Tratamento

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)