992 resultados para Doenças transmissiveis em animais


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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

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Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

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Pós-graduação em Fisiopatologia em Clínica Médica - FMB

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Pós-graduação em Enfermagem (mestrado profissional) - FMB

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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O diabetes mellitus do tipo 1 (T1D) é uma doença autoimune cujo tratamento é parcialmente eficaz. A terapia existente visa apenas controlar a progressão da patologia através da injeção diária de insulina exógena, portanto, uma alternativa terapêutica ou profilática para a doença é necessária. A indução do T1D por administração de estreptozotocina (STZ) em camundongos C57BL/6 é considerada um modelo bastante adequado para a investigação dessas estratégias. Além disto, vários trabalhos demonstram que o contato com antígenos ambientais pode diminuir ou impedir as manifestações clínicas do T1D e de outras doenças autoimunes. Assim, o objetivo geral desta investigação foi avaliar o efeito da infecção prévia com Strongyloides venezuelensis no desenvolvimento do T1D. Inicialmente, acompanhamos a dinâmica da infecção em camundongos C57BL/6 para a determinação da resposta imune estabelecida na fase de recuperação da infecção, e posteriormente, avaliamos o efeito da infecção no T1D. Durante a fase de recuperação, caracterizada pelo desaparecimento de ovos nas fezes, ocorreu uma resposta imune de padrão misto (Th1/Th2) com predomínio de Th2, caracterizado pela presença de IgG1 e produção significativa de IL-4, IL-5 e IL-10. Este padrão de resposta determinou um efeito protetor discreto no desenvolvimento do T1D, caracterizado por diminuição do percentual de ilhotas com inflamação mais acentuada. Estes resultados mostram, portanto, que a infecção prévia com S. venezuelensis não impediu, de forma significativa, o desenvolvimento de insulite em modelo experimental de diabetes induzido por STZ

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The retrovirus are recognized as pathogenic group of virus for domestic animals. The particularitities of these viruses are the necessity of the enzyme transcriptase reversa, for the conversion of the viral RNA in viral DNA (provirus) and the incorporation in the DNA of the cell, what it confers to the infection the lifetime character, due to all the infected cells present the provirus our DNA. Among the retroviruses in domestic felines, the leukaemia and immunossupressive virus represent the more important diseases. The main form of transmission of the virus of the FeLV is occur by close contact and the saliva presents high viral concentration. For the FIV, the main form of transmission is represented by wounds of bite. The retrovírus, replicate mainly in high metabolization cells. The infection for FeLV cause mieloproliferativas and degenerative illnesses, while the FIV are related imunossupressora illness. The treatment for these retroviroses is symptomatic associated to imunomodulatory drugs, none of these drugs are capable to eliminate the virus. For the prevention of these retrovirus are used vaccines. However only the vaccine against FeLV have showed efficiency. Thus , the more important measures in control of these diseases is prevent the contact between infected and health felines. The ain of present study was reviewed the more important aspects of retroviruses in domestic felines, with emphasis to virulence properties, epidemiology, fisiopathogeny, clinical manifestations, methods of diagnosis, therapy, and control measures

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This study aimed at evaluating the perception of leprosy patients, the disease, with regard to its concept and self-care practice, as well as their knowledge concerning drug therapy. Fifteen patients participated in the study, of whom 11 were classified as multibacillary and 04 as paucibacillary. Semi-structure interviews containing six guiding questions were used for data collection, and the Collective Subject Discourse (CSD) was utilized as a theoretical framework. Analysis was performed based on the Theory of Complexity. It showed that patients suffer pain, a fact that is reflected on the need to change habits and prevent disability. It also showed that patients have doubts and feel insecure about treatment and prognosis, and that they are also the target of social prejudice even thought the term leprosy has been replaced by Hansen‟s disease. As regards self-care, the subjects showed lack of autonomy, limitations and subjection to instructions from health care professionals, who, according to the discourse that emerged, are mostly responsible for transmitting the knowledge concerning self-care practice. This fact can be explained by evidence of self-knowledge deficit by the the subjects. Concerning polychemotherapy treatment, which is recommended by the Ministry of Health, it was observed that the knowledge concerning its action and adverse effects is precarious. This information is provided during consultation; however, CSD showed that the subjects do not apprehend it. Therefore, health care professionals must instruct their clients not only as regards conventional treatment practices, but they must also help them to know themselves and to improve their critical judgment so that they can choose the best form of living after being diagnosed with the disease, thus guiding self-care by taking such choice into account