ANN and Fuzzy c-Means applied to environmental pollution prediction

Salamanca, situated in center of Mexico is among the cities which suffer most from the air pollution in Mexico. The vehicular park and the industry, as well as orography and climatic characteristics have propitiated the increment in pollutant concentration of Sulphur Dioxide (SO2). In this work, a Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network has been used to make the prediction of an hour ahead of pollutant concentration. A database used to train the Neural Network corresponds to historical time series of meteorological variables and air pollutant concentrations of SO2. Before the prediction, Fuzzy c-Means and K-means clustering algorithms have been implemented in order to find relationship among pollutant and meteorological variables. Our experiments with the proposed system show the importance of this set of meteorological variables on the prediction of SO2 pollutant concentrations and the neural network efficiency. The performance estimation is determined using the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE). The results showed that the information obtained in the clustering step allows a prediction of an hour ahead, with data from past 2 hours.

Environmental pollution control alternatives : drinking water treatment for small communities.

Mode of access: Internet.

Environmental pollution control alternatives : municipal wastewater /

Mode of access: Internet.

Environmental pollution & control /

Description based on: Jan. 2, 1979.

Executive branch review of environmental regulations [microform] : hearings before the Subcommittee on Environmental Pollution of the Committee on Environment and Public Works, United States Senate, Ninety-sixth Congress, first session, February 26 and 27, 1979.

Reuse of record except for individual research requires license from Congressional Information Service, Inc.

Endangered Species Act oversight : hearings before the Subcommittee on Environmental Pollution of the Committee on Environment and Public Works, United States Senate, Ninety-seventh Congress, first session, December 8 and 10, 1981.

Mode of access: Internet.

Enforcement of environmental regulations [microform] : hearings before the Subcommittee on Environmental Pollution of the Committee on Environment and Public Works, United States Senate, Ninety-sixth Congress, first session, May 23 and 24, 1979.

Reuse of record except for individual research requires license from Congressional Information Service, Inc.

Integrated environmental assistance act of 1979 [microform] : hearing before the Subcommittee on Environmental Pollution of the Committee on Environment and Public Works, Ninety-sixth Congress, second session, on S. 1136 ... January 22, 1980.

Reuse of record except for individual research requires license from Congressional Information Service, Inc.

Impact of funding EPA sewer treatment construction program on small business contractors [microform] : hearing before the Select Committee on Small Business and the Subcommittee on Environmental Pollution of the Committee on Environment and Public Works, United States Senate, Ninety-sixth Congress, second session, on impact of funding EPA sewer treatment construction program on small business contractors, Milwaukee, Wis., July 9, 1980.

CIS Microfiche Accession Numbers: CIS 81 S721-3

Energy technology characterizations handbook : environmental pollution and control factors /

Rev. ed. of the Office of Environmental Assessments' Technology characterizations (1981). Includes 13 additional ECIRs (Environmental Characterization Information Reports).

Coastal Barrier Resources Act : hearings before the Subcommittee on Environmental Pollution of the Committee on Environment and Public Works, United States Senate, Ninety-seventh Congress, first and second sessions on S. 1018 ... August 13, 1981-Providence, R.I., October 21, 1981-Washington, D.C., February 3, 1982-Washington, D.C.

Item 1045-A, 1045-B (microfiche).

Oversight hearings on section 404 of the Clean Water Act : hearings before the Subcommittee on Environmental Pollution of the Committee on Environment and Public Works, United States Senate, Ninety-ninth Congress ....

"July 31, 1986"--Pt. 2.

Ozone depletion, the greenhouse effect, and climate change : hearings before the Subcommittee on Environmental Pollution of the Committee on Environment and Public Works, United States Senate, Ninety-ninth [-One Hundreth] Congress ...

"January 28, 1987"--Pt. 2.

Municipal wastewater treatment construction grants program : hearings before the Subcommittee on Environmental Pollution of the Committee on Environment and Public Works, United States Senate, Ninety-seventh Congress, first session, on S. 975 ... and S. 1274.

"Serial no. 97-H17."