Low-frequency drug-resistant HIV-1 and risk of virological failure to first-line NNRTI-based ART: a multicohort European case-control study using centralized ultrasensitive 454 pyrosequencing.

OBJECTIVES It is still debated if pre-existing minority drug-resistant HIV-1 variants (MVs) affect the virological outcomes of first-line NNRTI-containing ART. METHODS This Europe-wide case-control study included ART-naive subjects infected with drug-susceptible HIV-1 as revealed by population sequencing, who achieved virological suppression on first-line ART including one NNRTI. Cases experienced virological failure and controls were subjects from the same cohort whose viraemia remained suppressed at a matched time since initiation of ART. Blinded, centralized 454 pyrosequencing with parallel bioinformatic analysis in two laboratories was used to identify MVs in the 1%-25% frequency range. ORs of virological failure according to MV detection were estimated by logistic regression. RESULTS Two hundred and sixty samples (76 cases and 184 controls), mostly subtype B (73.5%), were used for the analysis. Identical MVs were detected in the two laboratories. 31.6% of cases and 16.8% of controls harboured pre-existing MVs. Detection of at least one MV versus no MVs was associated with an increased risk of virological failure (OR = 2.75, 95% CI = 1.35-5.60, P = 0.005); similar associations were observed for at least one MV versus no NRTI MVs (OR = 2.27, 95% CI = 0.76-6.77, P = 0.140) and at least one MV versus no NNRTI MVs (OR = 2.41, 95% CI = 1.12-5.18, P = 0.024). A dose-effect relationship between virological failure and mutational load was found. CONCLUSIONS Pre-existing MVs more than double the risk of virological failure to first-line NNRTI-based ART.

Na 50 Nachlass Arthur Schopenhauer - 'Schopenhauer-Archiv', 454 - Zusätze für Band 1 der 3. Auflage von "Die Welt als Wille und Vorstellung"

3 Blätter

Ms.Ff.F.Stoltze 3. 454 - Brief von Friedrich Stoltze an Lyda Stoltze

Familie, Leopoldine Renwart, Otto Hörth, Pressprozess

Ana Gallego Cuiñas (ed.), Entre la Argentina y España. El espacio transatlántico de la narrativa actual. Madrid/Frankfurt: Iberoamericana/Vervuert, 2012, 454 páginas

Fil: Sánchez, Mariela. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

Diodoro de Sicilia. Biblioteca Histórica. Introducción General. Libros I-II. Edición coordinada por Jesús Lens Tuero. Traducción de Jesús Lens Tuero, Jesús M. García González y Javier Campos Daroca. Madrid, Ediciones Clásicas, 1995. 454 pp.

Fil: Zecchin de Fasano, Graciela Cristina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

Ana Gallego Cuiñas (ed.), Entre la Argentina y España. El espacio transatlántico de la narrativa actual. Madrid/Frankfurt: Iberoamericana/Vervuert, 2012, 454 páginas

Fil: Sánchez, Mariela. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

Seismic velocities at elevated pressures of igneous rocks at DSDP Holes 60-454 and 60-458

The Deep Sea Drilling Project, in addition to providing valuable information on the history and processes of development of the ocean, has significantly contributed to our knowledge of the chemical and physical nature of the upper oceanic crust. Among the important physical properties of the crust are its seismic velocity and structure, the interpretation of which requires laboratory studies of seismic velocities in oceanic rocks.