Concentrations of metronidazole in human plasma and saliva after tablet or gel administration

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Comparação do efeito do bochecho de triclosan + copolímero + fluor, com a clorexidina, sobre a taxa de formação da placa dentária, retenção de antimicrobiano na placa dentária e na saliva e redução de estreptococos do grupo mutans na saliva: estudo clínico randomizado, cruzado, duplo-cego controlado

Pós-graduação em Ciências Odontológicas - FOAR

Evaluation of caries-associated virulence of biofilms from Candida albicans isolated from saliva of pediatric patients with sickle-cell anemia

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

In situ assessment of the saliva effect on enamel morphology after microabrasion technique

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Abrasive wear on eroded root dentine after different periods of exposure to saliva in situ

The effect of salivary exposure time on the abrasive wear of acid-eroded dentine was evaluated in situ. One-hundred and twenty bovine root dentine slabs were randomly assigned into six groups (A-F) and placed in intraoral palatal devices, which were worn by 10 volunteers for 4 d. On the first day, no erosive/abrasive procedures were carried out. On the following 3 d, erosive challenges were performed extraorally, two times per day, by immersing the device for 90 s in a soft drink. Subsequently, the group A specimens were immediately brushed (40 strokes), and the others were brushed after the following times: B, 20 min; C, 40 min; and D, 60 min. Group E specimens were only acid-eroded and those of group F were only brushed. Dentine wear was measured with a profilometer. ANOVA and Dunnett's test showed that groups A-D did not differ statistically from the control group E but differed from the control group F. The lowest mean value was found for group F. Regression analysis was unable to show salivary effect on dentine wear reduction. The data suggest that the exposure time of saliva of up to 60 min has no effect on reducing the eroded dentine wear by toothbrushing.

Antioxidantes e biomarcadores da injúria oxidativa na saliva de pacientes com síndrome de down

Vulnerability of patients with Down syndrome (DS) to oxidative stress and damage has been attributed to the overexpression of the superoxide dismutase gene, which is located in the triplicated critical region 21q22.2 of chromosome 21. The objective of this study was to investigate enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems and levels of biomarkers of oxidative damage in saliva of patients with DS. Saliva samples were collected from 30 patients with DS and 30 controls, ranging in age from 14 to 24 years. The following parameters were analyzed: superoxide dismutase activity, concentration of malondialdehyde, carbonylated proteins, uric acid, vitamin C and total protein, peroxidase activity, and total antioxidant capacity. Patients with DS presented significantly higher superoxide dismutase activity and malondialdehyde levels than controls (p<0.05). On the other hand, no difference in carbonylated proteins or antioxidants (uric acid, vitamin C, peroxidase, and total antioxidant capacity) was observed between DS patients and controls (p>0.05). Patients with DS also presented higher salivary total protein content (p<0.05). In conclusion, despite similar antioxidant levels patients with DS are more vulnerable to oxidative stress in saliva as indicated by a significant increase in malondialdehyde concentration and superoxide dismutase activity

Avaliação comparativa in vivo da eficácia do óleo de melaleuca, clorexidina e listerine sobre streptococcus mutans e microrganismos totais na saliva

Objective: To compare the efficacy of the mouthwashes 0.12% chlorhexidine, Listerine, and 0.5% and 2% Melaleuca Alternifolia oil against the salivary levels of Streptococcus mutans and total microorganisms. Methods: This study was double-blind controlled and paired clinical assay. Twenty-six volunteers aged 21 to 35 years old were enrolled. At baseline, 1 mL of unstimulated saliva was collected from each subject, 1 and 15 min after mouthrinsing with the following solutions: sterile distilled water, 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate, Listerine (©Johnson & Johnson do Brasil), 0.5% and 2% concentrations of Melaleuca Alternifolia (Sigma-Aldrich). The volunteers used all the evaluated mouthrinses with a 15-day interval between the solutions. Immediately after rinsing, saliva was collected and serial dilutions were performed, followed by plating in blood agar culture medium for growth of total microorganisms and SB-20 (Sucrose-Bacitracin agar) for growth of S. mutans, and incubation at 37 °C for 48 h in microaerophilia. After incubation, the number of colonies was counted and expressed as colony forming units (UFC/mL). Results: Chlorhexidine showed antimicrobial action by reducing total microorganisms and S. mutans, while the action of 0.5% Melaleuca Alternifolia was similar to that of distilled water. Listerine and 2% Melaleuca Alternifolia oil reduced total microbial counts by 11% and 9% respectively, and S. mutans by 20% and 11%. Conclusion: A single rinse with 0.12% chlorhexidine is effective in reducing the levels of total microorganisms and S. mutans present in saliva. Under the same testing conditions, Listerine and 0.5% and 2% Melaleuca Alternifolia oil presented lower efficacy than chlorhexidine.

Effect of different periods of preconditioning with saliva on adhesion of C. albicans to a denture base resin by crystal violet staining and XTT assay.

Aim: The role of saliva on Candida adhesion to biomaterials has not been clearly defined. The present study investigates whether different periods of preconditioning with saliva would influence the adhesion of Candida albicans to a denture base resin. Methods: Ninety samples of acrylic resin with smooth surfaces were made and then divided into five groups: one control without saliva, and four experimental groups conditioned in saliva for periods of 30 min, 1, 3, or 12 h. Candida adhesion was evaluated by crystal violet staining and 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-([phenylamino] carbonyl)-2H-tetrazolium-hydroxide assay. Results: The one-way analysis of variance revealed that there were no significant differences among the mean number of adherent cells or among the mean absorbance for all groups. No significant correlation was found between the two methods used for assessing Candida albicans adhesion. Conclusion: The different periods of preconditioning with saliva had no significant influence on the adhesion of Candida albicans to the denture base acrylic resin.

Effect of human whole saliva on the in vitro adhesion of Candida albicans to a denture base acrylic resin: a focus on collection and preparation of saliva samples

Objective In studies on Candida albicans adhesion to surfaces, diverse protocols have been used for collection and preparation of saliva samples. Thus, this study investigated whether variations in the centrifugation parameters and number of donors of saliva would influence the adhesion of C. albicans to a denture base resin. Methods Resin acrylic samples (n = 72) were made and then divided into four groups: (a) control – specimens were left without preconditioning in saliva; (b) three experimental groups, in which the specimens were preconditioned with saliva collected from 15 volunteers and centrifuged at 12 000 g for 5 min (G1); from 15 volunteers and centrifuged at 18 000 g for 30 min (G2); and from one volunteer and centrifuged at 12 000 g for 5 min (G3). Candida adhesion was evaluated by both the 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino) carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide (XTT) reduction method and crystal violet staining. Data were analyzed by one-way analyses of variance (P = 0.05). Results For XTT reduction assay, groups G2, G3, and control were not significantly different, whereas group G1 showed significantly higher absorbance value than control. For crystal violet staining there were no significant differences among all groups. Conclusion Variations in the centrifugation parameters and number of donors of saliva may influence C. albicans adhesion to denture base resins.

Saliva substitutes in combination with high-fluoride gel

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Saliva substitutes in combination with high-fluoride gel on dentin remineralization

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Antioxidants and biomarkers of oxidative damage in the saliva of patients with Down's syndrome

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Effect of cleansing methods on saliva-contaminated zirconia: an evaluation of resin bond durability

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeito de soluções fluoretadas contendo xilitol e sorbitol no número de estreptococos do grupo mutans na saliva de seres humanos

The objective of this study was to assess the effect of 0.05% sodium fluoride solutions containing 2.5% or 12.5% xylitol on the number of Streptococcus mutans in the human mouth. Fifty boys between 8 and 16 years of age participated in this double-blind crossover study. Of the original 50 boys, 33 finished the study. Participants were randomly divided into four groups. The following solutions were employed: placebo solution; 0.05% sodium fluoride solution; 0.05% sodium fluoride + 2.5% xylitol + 2% sorbitol; 0.05% sodium fluoride + 12.5% xylitol + 2% sorbitol. Each solution was used for a 28-day period (20 mL/day, twice a day), with a 10-day washout period between solutions. There were no significant differences (P = 0.32) between the two xylitol-containing solutions (2.5% vs. 12.5%) concerning the number of Streptococcus mutans. However, there was a significant difference between these two xylitol-containing solutions and the sodium fluoride and placebo solutions (P < 0.001). Our results suggest that the 0.05% sodium fluoride solutions containing either 2.5% or 12.5% xylitol caused a significant reduction in the number of Streptococcus mutans.

Effects of pH and fluoride concentration of dentifrices on fluoride levels in saliva, biofilm, and biofilm fluid in vivo

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)