The relationship between inflammation, dyslipidemia and physical exercise: from the epidemiological to molecular approach

Dyslipidemia and inflammation are frequently found in some diseases, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cancer cachexia. Recent literature has identified that lipids have a pivotal role in the activation of inflammatory pathways, increasing the production of inflammatory cytokines, mainly tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6 and 1β. On the other hand, cytokines can promote disruption of lipid metabolism, in special cholesterol reverse transport, which is linked to development of atherosclerosis. With this in mind, acute and chronic exercise trainings have been pointed as important tools to counteract both dyslipidemia symptoms and systemic inflammation. Moreover, physical activity has been recommended in the prevention/treatment of the above mentioned outcomes by important health organizations around the world, mainly because it costs less and generates fewer side effects than isolated medicine. Despite the well-documented capacity of acute and chronic exercise training to counteract sustained disease-related immunometabolism, we have chosen to take a look from a current perspective in molecular pathways and in the field of epidemiology. The aim of the present review was therefore to discuss the results of dyslipidemia and inflammatory conditions with acute and chronic exercise training, which underlies the field of molecular pathways and epidemiology. The mechanisms underlying the response to the treatment are considered.

Molecular identification of food sources in triatomines in the Brazilian northeast: roles of goats and rodents in Chagas disease epidemiology

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Isolation and molecular identification of Fusobacterium nucleatum from Nigerian patients with oro-facial infections.

Fusobacterium nucleatum is one of the most common anaerobic bacteria present in the oral cavity and is often isolated from infections involving other body sites. To characterise F. nucleatum strains from patients attending a teaching hospital in Nigeria in order to provide information on the methods for accurate identification of anaerobes in clinical specimen. Fusobacterium nucleatum specie from 50 patients presenting with oro-facial infections were studied by culture on Fusobacterium selective agar and fastidious anaerobe agar. The isolates were characterised based on colonial morphology, microscopy, lipase production, susceptibility to kanamycin and colistin and resistance to vancomycin. Biochemical tests were performed using a commercial test kit. The identity of the isolates was confirmed based on molecular characterization performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. Forty-eight (96%) F. nucleatum isolates were obtained from the 50 patients by culture and all the isolates were identified by colonial appearance and microscopy based on their unique spindle shape with tapered ends. Only 26 (54.2%) of the 48 isolates were identified by commercial API 20A test kit while PCR confirmed the identity of all the isolates. Anaerobes are involved in human infections and their study is quite cumbersome due to tedious nature and high cost of the techniques involved. Cultural method is reliable in the isolation and identification of F. nucleatum species. PCR is a rapid and simple method that can complement the phenotypic identification of anaerobes and would assist in their full identification.

Investigação de genes de resistência a carbapenêmicos, cefalosporinas e quinolonas e tipagem molecular de Enterobacter spp isolados de pacientes internados em um hospital terciário do Estado de São Paulo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)