Profile of the production engineer student at a school of engineering in Brazil: academic and professional trajectories and tendencies

The objective of this paper is to introduce a study on the academic trajectory and professional profile of production engineers who graduated in a traditional and renowned Brazilian University (School of Engineering at Bauru – FEB). The study was conducted with the first three classes of undergraduates in the production engineering program at FEB/UNESP. A 50% response rate was obtained and with the data collected it was possible to characterize the professional profile of the students and outline their academic trajectory. According to the sample, the main result is that the curricular grid is the main criterion of similarity in student education, thus, the focus on program improvements should focus on the curricular grid. Tendencies are also pointed out to guide the search for improvements in the academic trajectory of production engineering students.

Desenvolvimento ponderal de bubalinos da raça Murrah criados em pastagem de Brachiaria brizantha no Centro-Oeste do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil

Foram analisados os dados de desempenho ponderal de bubalinos Murrah do Sistema de Produção de Leite da Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, campus de Botucatu. Os pesos foram corrigidos às diversas idades-padrão e o modelo incluiu os efeitos de sexo (S), mês (M) e ano (A) de nascimento, classe de idade da búfala ao parto (C) e as interações S x M, S x A, S x C e M x A. As médias ajustadas e respectivos erros-padrão estimados para as características estudadas foram: Peso ao Nascer (PN): 37,71 ± 8,25kg; Peso aos 120 dias (P120): 102,08 ± 16,27kg; Peso aos 240 dias (P240): 169,84 ± 22,83kg; Peso aos 365 dias (P365): 250,59 ± 25,12kg; Peso aos 550 dias (P550): 326,13 ± 39,27kg e Peso aos 730 dias (P730): 389,80 ± 31,26kg. O efeito de sexo (S) foi significativo somente para PN e P365, sendo que machos tenderam a nascer mais pesados que fêmeas. O mês de nascimento (M) exerceu efeito sobre o PN, P120 e P730 sendo que animais nascidos em maio foram os mais pesados ao nascer, enquanto os nascidos em janeiro e maio, foram os mais pesados aos 120 e 730 dias, respectivamente. O efeito de ano de foi significativo sobre o PN, P120, P240 e P730. Os filhos de búfalas das classes de idade 1 (3 anos ou menos) e da classe 6 (10,11 e 12 anos) foram os mais leves e mais pesados ao nascer, respectivamente. O fato de a classe de idade da búfala não exercer efeito sobre os P365, P550 e P730 sugere que, em rebanhos comerciais possa ser feita a substituição de búfalas não gestantes por novilhas prenhes, apesar de esta prática reduzir a média de idade do rebanho de cria. Bubalinos da raça Murrah oriundos de rebanhos leiteiros podem ser utilizados para a produção de carne.

Altered plasma response to zinc and iron tolerance test after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Comparison of lung tissue concentrations of nebulized ceftazidime in ventilated piglets: ultrasonic versus vibrating plate nebulizers

Objective: To compare the efficiency of an Aeroneb Pro vibrating plate and an Atomisor MegaHertz ultrasonic nebulizer for providing ceftazidime distal lung deposition.Design: In vitro experiments. One gram of cetazidime was nebulized in respiratory circuits and mass median aerodynamic diameter of particles generated by ultrasonic and vibrating plate nebulizers was compared using a laser velocimeter. In vivo experiments. Lung tissue concentrations and extrapulmonary depositions were measured in ten anesthetized ventilated piglets with healthy lungs that received 1 g of ceftazidime by nebulization with either an ultrasonic (n = 5), or a vibrating plate (n = 5) nebulizer.Setting: A two-bed Experimental Intensive Care Unit of a University School of Medicine.Intervention: Following sacrifice, 5 subpleural specimens were sampled in dependent and nondependent lung regions for measuring ceftazidime lung tissue concentrations by high-performance liquid chromatography.Measurements and results: Mass median aerodynamic diameters generated by both nebulizers were similar with more than 95% of the particles between 0.5 and 5 mu m. Lung tissue concentrations were 553 +/- 123 [95% confidence interval: 514-638] mu g g(-1) using ultrasonic nebulizer, and 452 +/- 172 [95% confidence interval: 376-528] mu g g(-1) using vibrating plate nebulizers (NS). Extrapulmonary depositions were, respectively, of 38 +/- 5% (ultrasonic) and 34 +/- 4% (vibrating plate) (NS).Conclusions: Vibrating plate nebulizer is comparable to ultrasonic nebulizers for ceftazidime nebulization. It may represent a new attractive technology for inhaled antibiotic therapy.

Perfil de fumantes atendidos em serviço público para tratamento do tabagismo

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o perfil dos fumantes que procuraram serviço público de cessação do tabagismo. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados retrospectivamente os dados coletados durante a avaliação para a admissão no programa de cessação do tabagismo do Ambulatório de Tabagismo da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu/Universidade Estadual Paulista, na cidade de Botucatu (SP) entre abril de 2003 e abril de 2007. Variáveis demográficas, uso prévio de abordagem comportamental e/ou farmacológica e/ou tratamentos alternativos para o tabagismo, grau de dependência à nicotina e comorbidades foram avaliados em 387 fumantes. RESULTADOS: em nossa casuística, 63% dos tabagistas eram do sexo feminino. A idade média dos sujeitos foi de 50 ± 25 anos. Mais da metade dos fumantes (61%) não tinha cursado o ensino médio, e 66% tinham renda mensal menor que dois salários mínimos. O grau de dependência foi elevado/muito elevado em 59%, médio em 17% e baixo/muito baixo em 24%. Embora 95% dos pacientes apresentavam comorbidades, apenas 35% foram encaminhados ao programa por um médico. Mais da metade (68%) tinha feito pelo menos uma tentativa de cessação, 83% sem um programa de tratamento estruturado. CONCLUSÕES: Os tabagistas que procuraram assistência para cessar o tabagismo apresentaram desvantagem social, dependência à nicotina alta e tentativas anteriores de cessação sem tratamento estruturado. Portanto, a intervenção para o controle do tabagismo deve contemplar as características gerais dos fumantes nos serviços públicos para que seja eficaz.

Educação de professores da universidade no contexto de interação universidade-escola

Este artigo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa sobre a formação de professores da universidade que atuam em licenciaturas de Física, Biologia e Matemática, procurando compreendê-la a partir de sua participação em um projeto de formação continuada de professores da rede pública de ensino. O referencial teórico, apoiado em Pierre Bourdieu e Paulo Freire, possibilitou a constituição de instrumentos para caracterizar o processo de formação como construção coletiva de uma estrutura formativa. Para isso, foi necessário considerar tanto a interação de professores da universidade entre si como aquela entre eles e os professores da escola. Os resultados revelaram que o envolvimento dos professores da universidade no projeto possibilitou-lhes a produção de conhecimento em um domínio para o qual normalmente não são chamados a fazê-lo, na prática da vida universitária, a saber: a docência.

Muscle Activation During Four Pilates Core Stability Exercises in Quadruped Position

Queiroz BC, Cagliari MF, Amorim CF, Sacco IC. Muscle activation during four Pilates core stability exercises in quadruped position. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2010;91: 86-92.Objective: To compare the activity of stabilizing trunk and hip muscles in 4 variations of Pilates stabilizing exercises in the quadruped position.Design: Repeated-measures descriptive study.Setting: A biomechanics laboratory at a university school of medicine.Participants: Healthy subjects (N=19; mean age +/- SD, 31 +/- 5y; mean weight +/- SD, 60 +/- 11 kg; mean height +/- SD, 166 +/- 9cm) experienced in Pilates routines.Interventions: Surface electromyographic signals of iliocostalis, multifidus, gluteus maximus, rectus abdominis, and external and internal oblique muscles were recorded in 4 knee stretch exercises: retroverted pelvis with flexed trunk; anteverted pelvis with extended trunk; neutral pelvis with inclined trunk; and neutral pelvis with trunk parallel to the ground.Main Outcome Measures: Root mean square values of each muscle and exercise in both phases of hip extension and flexion, normalized by the maximal voluntary isometric contraction.Results: The retroverted pelvis with flexed trunk position led to significantly increased external oblique and gluteus maximus muscle activation. The anteverted pelvis with trunk extension significantly increased multifidus muscle activity. The neutral pelvis position led to significantly lower activity of all muscles. Rectus abdominis muscle activation to maintain body posture was similar in all exercises and was not influenced by position of the pelvis and trunk.Conclusions: Variations in the pelvic and trunk positions in the knee stretch exercises change the activation pattern of the multifidus, gluteus maximus, rectus abdominis, and oblique muscles. The lower level of activation of the rectus abdominis muscle suggests that pelvic stability is maintained in the 4 exercise positions.

Application of propolis to dental sockets and skin wounds.

The purpose of this study was to examine histologically the effects of propolis topical application to dental sockets and skin wounds. After topical application of either a 10% hydro-alcoholic solution of propolis or 10% hydro-alcoholic solution alone, cutaneous wound healing and the socket wound after tooth extraction were examined. The rats were sacrificed at 3, 6, 9, 15 and 21 days after the operation. The specimens were subjected to routine laboratory studies after staining with hematoxylin and eosin. It was concluded that topical application of propolis hydro-alcoholic solution accelerated epithelial repair after tooth extraction but had no effect on socket wound healing.

Influence of different types of non-resorbable suture material on the healing of extraction wounds--a histological study in rats.

The influence of different non-resorbable suture materials on the healing of tooth extraction wounds was examined in 120 adult male albino rats. Nylon gave the best biological results for healing of the mucosa and dental socket. Silk and cotton produced considerable delay of socket healing. Healing was only mildly delayed by polyester suture, with a short moderate inflammatory reaction at the initial stage.

Autogenous transplantation of rib cartilage preserved in glycerol, after removal of the perichondrium, to the malar process of rats--a histological study (Part I).

Seventy-two male albino rats received autogenous transplants of glycerol-preserved rib cartilage into the malar process. The animals were divided into two groups which received preserved cartilage with or without perichondrium. The implants were well tolerated and removal of the perichondrium enhanced the rate of resorption and bone replacement of the material.

Fresh autogenous rib cartilage graft to the malar process of rats with and without removal of the perichondrium: a histological study.

A comparison was made of autogenous grafts of rib cartilage with and without removal of the perichondrium, applied to the malar process of rats. Seventy-two male albino rats were divided into two groups according to the kind of graft received by each animal. The experimental periods were 5, 10, 20, 30, 60 and 120 postoperative days. The results showed that, in the control group, the grafts maintained their vitality for the whole experimental period and the perichondrium was biologically integrated into the host bed. Appositional growth was also observed. The treated animals showed intense resorption of the grafts and more intense bone neoformation. The newly formed bone was in intimate contact with the graft in both groups.

Psychological evaluation of patients scheduled for orthognathic surgery.

Using a questionnaire, 41 patients scheduled for orthognathic surgery were evaluated pre- and postoperatively to determine some of their psychological characteristics and treatment outcome from the patient's standpoint. Among other conclusions, the results showed that some patients may not fully understand the details of their deformity, despite a full explanation by the orthodontist and surgeon. Expectations regarding treatment outcome may be unrealistic even in patients with valid self-motivation for surgery. Social adjustment usually improves after treatment. Functional changes were noticed by over 80% of the patients and esthetic changes in over 90%.

Allogeneic transplants of rib cartilage preserved in 98% glycerol or 70% alcohol into the malar process of rats: a comparative histological study.

A comparative study was made of two methods of cartilage preservation, 98% glycerol and 70% alcohol. Rib cartilage was treated by either of these methods and transplanted into the malar process of rats. Cartilage grafts preserved by both methods were equally well tolerated. Resorption and bone substitution were similar in both groups after 120 days, although resorption was greater for the alcohol-preserved cartilage up until day 30. The possible reduction in antigenicity by the 98% glycerol did not produce any difference of behavior from the cartilage preserved in 70% alcohol.

Topical effect of propolis in the repair of sulcoplasties by the modified Kazanjian technique. Cytological and clinical evaluation.

A study was conducted to analyze the effects of propolis mouth rinse on the repair of surgical wounds after sulcoplasty by the modified Kazanjian technique. Twenty-seven patients who underwent sulcoplasty were divided into three groups: C1--patients who did not use the mouth rinse C2--patients who used a mouth rinse containing 5% aqueous alcohol T--patients who used a mouth rinse containing 5% propolis in aqueous alcohol solution. The patients returned 7, 14, 30, and 45 days after surgery for cytological and clinical evaluation. It was concluded that: 1) the mouth rinse containing propolis in aqueous alcohol solution aids repair of intra-buccal surgical wounds and exerts a small pain-killing and anti-inflammatory effect; 2) the vehicle employed has a minor irritant effect on intra-buccal surgical wounds; 3) exfoliative cytology allows epithelization of intrabuccal surgical wounds.

Albright's syndrome: review of the literature and case report.

Albright's syndrome is characterized by the presence of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, endocrinopathies and brown spots on the skin. In the present article the authors describe a case occurring in a 20-year-old female patient, who is currently being followed radiographically after a mandibular bone biopsy.