Concepcoes estratigraficas em analise de bacias: C) a estratigrafia genetica

The present work fits the concepts of depositional systems and depositional sequence as paralithostratigraphic and parachronostratigraphic units, respectively, and discusses the advantages of using this approach in environmental reconstructions. The depositional system concept came to a focus as a link between sedimentology and stratigraphy since it represents both a facies association and a mapping unit. Additionally, the depositional sequence represents the sedimentary episode of relative sea level change, in interaction with basin paleophysiography. In such a way a time-space diagnosis is reached in environmental interpretation as illustrated by the Permian-Carboniferous sequence of the Parana Basin. -English summary

Cytogenotoxicity biomarkers in fat snook Centropomus parallelus from Cananeia and Sao Vicente estuaries, SP, Brazil

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Xylella fastidiosa gene expression analysis by DNA microarrays

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Genetic parameters for milk, fat and protein yields in Murrah buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis Artiodactyla, Bovidae)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Use of direct and iterative solvers for estimation of SNP effects in genome-wide selection

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Parâmetros genéticos para a produção de leite em caprinos das raças Saanen e Alpina

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Origin and differentiation of a sex chromosome system in Parodon hilarii (Pisces, Parodontidae). Satellite DNA, G- and C-banding

A satellite DNA sequence of Parodon hilarii ( named pPh2004) was isolated, cloned and sequenced. This satellite DNA is composed of 200 bp, 60% AT rich. In situ hybridization ( FISH) results revealed that the satellite DNA pPh2004 is located in the terminal regions of several chromosomes, forming highly evident blocks in some and punctual marks in others. The comparison between the FISH and C-banding results showed that the location of this satellite DNA coincides with that of most terminal heterochromatins. However, some regions are only marked by FISH whereas other regions are only marked by C-banding. The possible existence of more than one satellite DNA family could explain these partial differences. The in situ hybridization with the satellite DNA and the G- and C-bandings confirmed the presence of a sex chromosome system of the ZZ/ZW type in P. hilarii, as well as the correct identification of the Z chromosome in the karyotype. This chromosome displays a segment of terminal heterochromatin in the long arm, similar to the segment observed in the short arm of the W chromosome, also showing a G- banding pattern similar to that of the short arm and part of the long arm of the W chromosome. A hypothesis on the origin of the W chromosome from an ancestral chromosome similar to the Z chromosome is presented.

Accentuated polymorphism of heterochromatin and nucleolar organizer regions in Astyanax scabripinnis (Pisces, Characidae): tools for understanding karyotypic evolution

Astyanax scabripinnis has been considered a species complex because it presents high karyotypic and morphological variability among its populations. In this work, individuals of two A. scabripinnis populations from different streams in the same hydrographic basin were analyzed through C-banding and AgNOR. Although they present distinct diploid numbers, they show meta and submetacentric chromosome groups highly conserved (numerically and morphologically). Other chromosomal characteristics are also shared by both populations, as the pattern of constitutive heterochromatin distribution (large blocks in the telomeric regions of subtelocentric and acrocentric chromosomes) and some nucleolar chromosomes. Inter-individual variations both in the number and size of heterochromatic blocks, and in the number and localization of NORs were verified in the studied populations, characterizing them as polymorphics for these regions. The mechanisms involved in the dispersion of heterochromatin and NORs through the karyotypes, as well as the possible events related to the generation of polymorphism of those regions are discussed. Furthermore, relationships between these populations and within the context of the scabripinnis complex are also approached.

The adaptive potential of a plant pathogenic fungus, Rhizoctonia solani AG-3, under heat and fungicide stress

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

High levels of genetic differentiation and selfing in the Brazilian cerrado fruit tree Dipteryx alata Vog. (Fabaceae)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Influência do molibdênio e do cálcio aplicados via semente nas frações protéicas de amendoim cv.iac 886

Chemical composition of seed displays, in general, the same compounds found in other parts of the plant, and the environment where they grow plants, fertilizer and many other factors are able to change this constitution, increasing or decreasing the amount of certain components. The study aimed to determine the effect of application by seed doses of calcium and molybdenum on protein content of peanut seeds cv.IAC 886. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a factorial design with four replicates per treatment, which are constituted by the combination of molybdenum doses (0, 50, 100 and 150 g ha(-1)) and calcium by seeds (0, 1000, 2000 and 3000 mg L-1). The peanut harvest was done manually. Seeds were removed from the pod manually and individually for each treatment and were taken to the Laboratorio de Genetica de Populacoes e Silvicultura, do Departamento de Fitotecnia, Tecnologia de Alimentos e Socio-Economia, da Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira da Universidade Estadual Paulista, where we determined the protein (albumin-Alb, prolamin-PRO, glutelin-GLU and globulin-GLO, mg g(-1). Regardless of the doses used the albumin protein fraction showed the highest in the peanut seeds. The addition of molybdenum resulted in increased seed prolamin content in the peanut seeds. The combination of calcium and molybdenum applied to seeds resulted in increased levels of albumin, globulin and glutelin in the peanut seeds.

Genetic diversity of three size classes of seeds of Eucalyptus globulus ssp. globulus

Variation in seed size is often observed in samples of eucalypt seeds and this leads to heterogeneous populations of plants, principally through variation in the early stages of plant development. It follows that samples of seeds more uniform in size could produce more uniform populations of plants. In studies of Eucalyptus globulus ssp. globulus it was of interest to determine whether or not the genetic diversity within a population, through the use of isozyme markers, was altered in the subpopulations developed from seeds of different size classes. A commercial sample of seed was separated by seed size into three subpopulations and the percentage germination and mean fresh weight of the seedlings were determined. Proteins extracted from leaves of the seedlings were separated by electrophoresis and tested for activity of eight different enzymes. These eight enzymes showed activity at 20 loci and mean genetic diversity and fixation index were determined using 13 of these loci. The subpopulation of the smallest seeds contained a greater proportion of abnormal seeds and had a lower percentage germination and plant weight compared to the other subpopulations. No significant differences were found in the number of alleles per locus, percentage of polymorphic loci, mean heterozygosity. The major part of the endogamy, indicated by F statistic, was found within the subpopulations: F-(IS) = 0.518; F-(ST) = 0.010 and F(IT) = 0.523. We conclude that the use of seeds of uniform size will lead to more uniform germination and plant growth without alteration in overall genetic diversity.

Isozyme characterization of Eucalyptus urophylla (S.T. Blake) and E-grandis (Hill ex Maiden) populations in Brazil

Seedling taken from 2 species of Eucalyptus growing in Brazil were electrophoretically analysed at 14 isozyme loci representing 6 enzyme systems: alpha-EST, beta-EST, SKDH, IDH, MDH, and LAP. Genetic variability measures were determined using 11 putative isozyme loci. on average, 81.8% and 54.5% of the loci were found to be polymorphic by the criterion of 95% in E. urophylla and E. grandis, respectively. The mean number of alleles per loci was 3.0 in E. urophylla and 2.5 in E. grandis. Observed mean heterozygosity was 0.283 in E. urophylla and 0.166 in E. grandis. Levels of genetic diversity in these species were similar to those in other Eucalyptus species which have widespread distributions. The possible hybridization of E. urophylla with E. alba is also discussed.

Identification of sexually dimorphic gene expression in brain tissue of the fish Leporinus macrocephalus through mRNA differential display and real time PCR analyses

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Two 5S rDNA arrays in Neotropical fish species: is it a general rule for fishes ?

In this paper we describe Southern blot hybridization results probed with 5S rRNA genes for several Neotropical fish species representing different taxonomic groups. All the studied species showed a general trend with the 5S rDNA tandem repeats organized in two distinct size-classes. At the same time, data on 5S rDNA organization in fish genome were summarized. Previous information on the organization and evolution of 5S rRNA gene arrays in the genome of this vertebrate group are in agreement with the Southern results here presented. Sequences obtained for several fish species have revealed the occurrence of two distinct 5S rDNA classes characterized by distinct non-transcribed spacer sequences, which are clustered in different chromosomes in some species. Moreover, the 5S rDNA loci are generally distributed in an interstitial position in the chromosomes and they are usually not syntenic to the 45S rDNA. The presence of two classes of 5S rDNA in several non-related fish species suggests that this could be a common condition for the 5S rRNA gene organization in the fish genome.