Angiotensin converting enzyme polymorphism in type 2 diabetes mellitus

This study was undertaken to assess the frequency of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A total of 162 patients with type 2 diabetes and 160 individuals without this disease were analyzed. From the diabetes group, 81 patients with cardiovascular risk (according to American Diabetes Association parameters) were selected to form another subgroup. For polymorphism identification, two polymerase chain reactions were performed: one reaction to identify all genotypes and a second one to confirm the presence of the I allele. The observed genotype frequencies were as follows: diabetes group I/I (19.1%), I/D (52.5%), D/D (28.4%); control group I/I (12.5%), I/D (55.6%), D/D (31.9%); and diabetes with cardiovascular risk group I/I (16.0%), I/ D (59.3%), D/D (24.7%). No statistically significant difference was observed between the allelic and genotypic frequencies in the analyzed groups. Previous studies reported an association between the D allele and type 2 diabetes in Caucasian and East Asian populations. However, in mixed populations, such as those found in Brazil, such an association was not found. This fact does not discard the need for more studies on the frequencies of this polymorphism in the Brazilian population and the associations with risk factors, which can compromise the quality of life of diabetes patients

Performance and parasite control of different genetic groups of lambs finished in irrigated pasture

The aim of this study was to compare the following four genetic groups of hair sheep: Santa Inês (SI), Morada Nova (MN), Brazilian Somali (BS), and the F1 1/2Dorper x 1/2Morada Nova crossbreed on traits related to growth and parasitic infection. Thirty-three male lambs of the same age and of simple birth, under the same pre-weaning management conditions were used in the experiment. After weaning the animals were housed in a completely randomized design in paddocks made of Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania. Along the course of the research, the performance of the four groups of sheep was observed to be negatively affected by gastrointestinal parasites, but there was a genotype effect to the average daily weight gain (ADWG), where the SI and F1 genotypes presented higher values. The effects of genotype, time and genotype x time interaction were significant in weight and corporal score (CS) measurements. The BS lambs had the highest CS values throughout the experiment despite not presenting greater weight gain when compared to the SI and F1 breeds. There were also significant effects of time and genotype x time interaction for packed cell volume (PCV) and FAMACHA© score (FAM) and only the time effect was significant in the total number of eggs per gram (EPG) and total plasma protein (TPP). The MN lambs showed higher PCV values and unlike the other groups, presented a FAMACHA© score below 3 and PCV above 23% even having a higher EPG tendency, especially in the initial phase, indicating a possible higher resilience to infection caused by gastrointestinal parasites.

Reaction and colonization of common bean genotypes by Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. Flaccumfaciens

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Perfil hematológico de cabras Saanen e mestiças (1/2 Saanen e 1/2 Anglo-nubiana) criadas em clima tropical do Ceará

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of climatic conditions on the hematological profile of Saanen and mixed-breed (1/2 Saanen x 1/2 Anglo-Nubian) goats, as well as to define reference values for these animals bred in Ceara, Brazil. Thirty goats were utilized and blood samples were collected monthly during the rainy (February to May) and dry (August to November) periods to obtain an erythrogram a leukogram. The averange were compared by the t-Student test and Mann Whitney test, with parametric and non-parametric distribution of the data, respectively, where p<0.05 was considered significant. A study was carried out of simple Pearson correlations of the hematological parameters with environmental and physiological variables. The number of red blood cells (RBCs) was higher in the Saanen goats and in the rainy period, while the hematocrit was higher in the dry period (p<0.05). The leukocytes and lymphocytes were higher in the 1/2S1/2 AN goats in the two periods (p<0.05). In the two genotypes, the leukocytes and lymphocytes were higher in the dry season and the segmented neutrophils higher in the rainy season (p<0.05). The other parameters did not differ (p>0.05). The RBCs and segmented neutrophils displayed a negative correlation with air temperature, but positive with relative humidity and rectal temperature (p<0.05). The hematocrit positively correlated with air temperature and respiratory rate (p<0.05). The leukocytes and lymphocytes showed a negative correlation with rectal temperature (p<0.05). It was therefore concluded that Saanen females are more affected by climatic variations and that the rainy season has a greater negative impact on hematological parameters. The values obtained could serve as a reference for these genotypes in Ceara.

Antixenosis of bean genotypes to Chrysodeixis includens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Association of a Large Panel of Cytokine Gene Polymorphisms with Complications and Comorbidities in Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Imputation of microsatellite alleles from dense SNP genotypes for parentage verification across multiple Bos taurus and Bos indicus breeds

To assist cattle producers transition from microsatellite (MS) to single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping for parental verification we previously devised an effective and inexpensive method to impute MS alleles from SNP haplotypes. While the reported method was verified with only a limited data set (N = 479) from Brown Swiss, Guernsey, Holstein, and Jersey cattle, some of the MS-SNP haplotype associations were concordant across these phylogenetically diverse breeds. This implied that some haplotypes predate modern breed formation and remain in strong linkage disequilibrium. To expand the utility of MS allele imputation across breeds, MS and SNP data from more than 8000 animals representing 39 breeds (Bos taurus and B. indicus) were used to predict 9410 SNP haplotypes, incorporating an average of 73 SNPs per haplotype, for which alleles from 12 MS markers could be accurately be imputed. Approximately 25% of the MS-SNP haplotypes were present in multiple breeds (N = 2 to 36 breeds). These shared haplotypes allowed for MS imputation in breeds that were not represented in the reference population with only a small increase in Mendelian inheritance inconsistancies. Our reported reference haplotypes can be used for any cattle breed and the reported methods can be applied to any species to aid the transition from MS to SNP genetic markers. While ~91% of the animals with imputed alleles for 12 MS markers had ≤1 Mendelian inheritance conflicts with their parents' reported MS genotypes, this figure was 96% for our reference animals, indicating potential errors in the reported MS genotypes. The workflow we suggest autocorrects for genotyping errors and rare haplotypes, by MS genotyping animals whose imputed MS alleles fail parentage verification, and then incorporating those animals into the reference dataset.

Distribution of serotype-specific genotypes of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitns in Brazilian patients with Down syndrome with different periodontal conditions

Fundação do Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)