225 resultados para Alginate gel microparticles, ibuprofen, gentamicin sulphate, drug release, activity, S. epidermidis, C. albicans


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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de So Paulo (FAPESP)

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The pharmaceutical innovations, such as the use of polymers to control drug release, create possibilities for a better action of the drug in the body, which causes a a more effective therapeutic effect and a safer treatment for the patient. In this work, were prepared and characterized matrix tablets of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) containing nimesulide as model drug to evaluate the performance as a controlled release system. HPMC, a cellulose ester, is a hydrophilic polymer that undergoes swelling, i.e., absorbs water and forms a gel layer controlling drug release. The characterization of powders was performed by analysis of particle size and morphology, density, compressibility index determination, flow properties and determination of swelling profile. The tablets were evaluated according to their physical parameters of quality and to the in vitro release of nimesulide, as well as the analysis of the mechanisms of drug release by appropriate mathematical models. The set of results showed that the HPMC/Nimesulide mixture exhibited satisfactory physical characteristics (size, shape, density and flow). The release profile demonstrated an effective control upon drug release in enteric environment and presented more correlation with Korsmeyer-Peppas and Weibull’s mathematical models, indicating that the release of nimesulide occurs through the relaxation of the polymer chains

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de So Paulo (FAPESP)

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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s-graduação em Biociências - FCLAS

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Available information on the larval release rhythms of brachyurans is biased to temperate estuarine species and outcomes resulting from some sort of artificial manipulation of ovigerous females. In this study we applied field methods to describe the larval release rhythms of an assemblage of tropical rocky shore crabs. Sampling the broods of ovigerous females of Pachygrapsus transversus at two different shores indicated a spatially consistent semilunar pattern, with larval release maxima around the full and new moon. Yet, synchronism between populations varied considerably, with the pattern obtained at the site exposed to a lower wave action far more apparent. Breeding cohorts at one of the sampled shores apparently belonged to actual age groups composing the ovigerous population. The data suggest that these breeding groups release their larvae in alternate syzygy periods, responding to a lunar cycle instead of the semilunar pattern observed for the whole population. For the description of shorter-term rhythms, temporal series at hour intervals were obtained by sampling the plankton and confinement boxes where ovigerous females were held. Unexpectedly, diurnal release activity prevailed over nocturnal hatching. Yet, only grapsids living higher on the shore exhibited strong preferences over the diel cycle, with P. transversus releasing their larvae during the day and Geograpsus lividus during the night. The pea crab Dissodactylus crinitichelis, the spider crab Epialtus brasiliensis and a suite of xanthoids undertook considerable releasing activity in both periods. Apart from the commensal pea crab D. crinitichelis, all other taxa revealed tide-related rhythms of larval release, with average estimates of the time of maximum hatching always around the time of high tides; usually during the flooding and slack, rather than the ebbing tide. Data obtained for P. transversus females held in confinement boxes indicated that early larval release is mostly due to nocturnal hatching, while zoeal release in diurnal groups took place at the time of high tide. Since nocturnal high tides at the study area occurred late, sometimes close to dusk, early release would allow more time for offshore transport of larvae when the action of potential predators is reduced.

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Nanoparticles containing praziquantel made of Poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) were designed by an emulsion-solvent evaporation method. Two organic solvents were separately utilized as disperse phase: methylene chloride and ethyl acetate. The size of the particles prepared with the former solvent was bigger than the particles prepared with the latter. The entrapment efficiency was bigger when methylene chloride was used, 79.82% in comparison with 29.27% by using ethyl acetate. DSC and infrared studies showed that no strong chemical interaction between drug and polymer occurred. Release kinetics of praziquantel, used as a model drug, was governed not only by actual drug loading but also by particles size. The higher the drug content and the smaller the particle size resulted in faster drug release.

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