531 resultados para recém-nascido


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OBJETIVOS: avaliar as práticas assistenciais, a ocorrência de doenças, a mortalidade durante a hospitalização e os fatores associados em recém-nascidos prematuros de muito baixo peso (PT-MBP). MÉTODOS: estudo transversal comparando dois períodos: 1995-1997 e 1998-2000 e envolvendo todos os PT-MBP nascidos vivos (n= 451), em um centro perinatal, em Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil. Os fatores de risco pré-natal e pós-natal foram submetidos a análise multivariada. RESULTADOS: a mortalidade diminuiu de 36,2% para 29,5%. A sobrevida melhorou e foi superior a 50% a partir de 28 semanas e de 750 g de peso. O uso de corticosteróide antenatal aumentou de 25% para 42%, o surfactante exógeno de 14% para 28%, com redução na incidência e gravidade da síndrome do desconforto respiratório. A regressão logística mostrou que a síndrome do desconforto respiratório grave, Odds ratio=18, e a sepse precoce, Odds ratio=2,8, foram importantes fatores de risco para morte em 1995-1997. No período de 1998-2000, a sepse precoce e tardia, Odds ratio=10,5 e 12, respectivamente, aumentaram o risco de morte. CONCLUSÕES: a melhora na assistência perinatal diminuiu a mortalidade do PT-MBP. O aumento na exposição antenatal ao corticosteróide diminuiu a gravidade da síndrome do desconforto respiratório. em 1998-2000, a sepse foi o único fator de risco para morte.

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Objetivo: avaliar a significância clínica de estafilococos coagulase-negativa (ECN) isolados de processos infecciosos em recém-nascidos da unidade neonatal do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu. Método: as linhagens de ECN isoladas foram identificadas e classificadas em significativas e contaminantes, com base em uma série de dados clínicos e laboratoriais obtidos dos prontuários dos pacientes internados na unidade neonatal. Foram pesquisados os dados referentes a fatores perinatais de risco para infecção, evolução clínica, alterações do hemograma e/ou positividade de proteína C-reativa e antibioticoterapia. Resultados: das 117 linhagens de ECN isoladas, 60 (51,3%) foram classificadas como significativas, e 57 (48,7%) como contaminantes. Das 54 crianças com infecção por ECN, 43 (79,6%) eram prematuras, e 27 (50,0%) tiveram peso ao nascimento Conclusões: a maioria dos recém-nascidos com infecção por ECN apresentou fatores predisponentes importantes para a instalação do processo infeccioso, incluindo o peso de nascimento < 1.500g, a não remoção de corpo estranho e a antibioticoterapia prévia. A identificação de espécies de ECN constitui um marcador útil de infecção, visto que o S. epidermidis foi o agente etiológico mais freqüentemente associado aos processos infecciosos.

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OBJETIVO: Apresentar revisão de literatura sobre o uso do copo/xícara como método alternativo de alimentação para recém-nascidos prematuros e verificar se há consenso sobre sua indicação para essa população. FONTES DE DADOS: Revisão de literatura narrativa, tendo sido selecionados artigos nas bases de dados Medline, Lilacs, SciELO e Cochrane, independentemente do ano, usando descritores específicos: alimentação artificial, recém-nascido prematuro, aleitamento materno, métodos de alimentação. SÍNTESE DOS DADOS: Apesar de alguns estudos afirmarem que o método do copo/xícara é eficaz e seguro para alimentar recém-nascidos pré-termo e a termo, tais estudos não avaliam de forma objetiva o efeito do método sobre a deglutição desses pacientes. CONCLUSÕES: Verificou-se não haver consenso na literatura quanto à complementação da alimentação de recém-nascidos prematuros por meio do copo/xícara. Estudos controlados devem ser realizados com a finalidade de rever riscos e benefícios do uso de métodos alternativos na alimentação do recém-nascido prematuro.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Pediatria - FMB

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Pediatria - FMB

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Purpose: Cup feeding is an alternative technique of infant feeding when the infant is not being breastfed. Healthcare providers should have experience with the cup feeding technique in order to feed safely an infant. Objectives: The aim of this study is to identify the practices and the feeding cup techniques currently being used by healthcare NICU professionals, and to explore the opinions and beliefs of health professionals regarding to feeding cup. Methods: Twelve NICU nursing assistant were interviewed. Results: Most of the professionals interviewed were able to properly execute the feeding cup technique. The main problem observed was the improper positioning of the cup while using the technique. Most of them were ‘pouring’ the milk into the infant’s mouth. Thus, the participants interviewed expressed doubts about the technique and denied having been trained for this procedure in routine work at NICU. Nevertheless, all the participants were interested to learn more about the technique. Conclusion: In general,, all the professionals interviewed were able to properly execute the feeding cup technique. The questions and concerns presented by the professionals reassure the need for research and educational activities in order to educate health professionals about the correct use of feeding cup technique to assure a safe alternative feeding for infants.

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The present work had as objective to calculate and to analyze the costs of the assistance of just born of diabetic mothers interned in the units of Joint Lodging of the Maternity and Nursery and UTI Neonatology of the HC - FMB - Unesp. This is a exploratory, descriptive study with quantitative analysis of the data, with just born of carrying mothers of gestational diabetes and of light hyperglycemia, that had carried through the prenatal assistance in the HC - FMB - Unesp, in the period of 1o of January the 31 of December of 2009. The analysis of the data disclosed that the costs indirect and of the assistance to the just born in joint lodging had been of: R$ 160,20 for the group of RN of mothers with light hyperglycemia, R$204,10 for the group with diabetes and R$100,57 for the control. The costs indirect and of the assistance to the just born in Nursery had been of: R$ 494,94 for the group of RN of mothers with light hyperglycemia, R$565,89 for the group with diabetes and R$262,98 for the control. The weighed average cost of the assistance to the just born in Joint Lodging, Nursery and UTI of Neonatology was of: R$ 191,33 for the group of RN of mothers with light hyperglycemia, R$458,58 for the group with diabetes and R$210,48 for the control. It can be concluded that the costs of just born of diabetic mothers and with light hyperglycemia were higher and had similar perinatal results to the one of the control group

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The Hypertension Arterial Gestationis is a of largest complications to the pregnant women, a time that is associated with to high risk of morbimortalidade fetal and maternal ;the term If referred the levels pressure equal or above of 140mmhg to the pressure systolic and of 90mmhg to the pressure diastolic (1).Hypertension in pregnancy can be classified into gestational hypertension, chronic hypertension, preeclampsia and eclampsia(3). This study aimed to calculate and analyze the cost of care of newborns of hypertensive mothers hospitalized in rooming, nursery and the neonatal intensive care unit (Neonatal UTI). It’s a study of exploratory, descriptive and quantitative data analysis, in newborns of mothers with hypertension, who underwent prenatal care in HCFMB, from January 1 to 31 in December 2010. The data analysis showed that the cost of care for newborn in rooming was R$ 38.62 for the control group and groups of hypertensive mothers were R$ 19.93 to R$ 37.38. The costs of care to the newborn in the nursery were R$ 1,781.81 for the control group and groups of hypertensive mothers were R$ 680.03 to 7544.10. The costs for the newborn who Neonatal UTI were R$ 7,468.60 for the control group and groups of hypertensive mothers were R$ 5,228.02 to R $ 18,372.75. The total costs of care for newborn in rooming, nursery and Neonatal UTI were R$ 916.15 for the control group, R$ 1,385.98 for the HAC group, R$ 327.23 for the group HAS, R$ 3,896.57 for the group of preeclampsia and R$ 6,326.54 for the group of eclampsia. Considerations It can be concluded that the costs of mothers with preeclampsia and eclampsia were higher, being conditions with increased risk of maternal-fetal morbidity / mortality, requiring care in intensive care unit and longer stay in hospital

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The main objective of the presented study is the development of a predictive interval type-2 fuzzy inference system in order to estimate the mortality risk for a newborn, to be used as an auxiliary tool for decision making in medical centers where there is a lack of professionals for this purpose and, afterwards, to compare its performance to a type-1 fuzzy system. The input variables were chosen due to their acquisition ‘simplicity, not involving any invasive tests, such as blood tests or other specific tests. The variables are easily obtained in the first few minutes of life: birth weight, gestational age at delivery, 5-minute Apgar score and previous report of stillbirth. Databases from the DATASUS were used to validate the model. 1351 records from the city of São José dos Campos, a mid-sized city in the São Paulo state’s countryside, were considered in this study. Finally, an analysis using the ROC curve was performed to estimate the model’s accuracy

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Influence of weight, volume and absolute placental density on the weight of newborns of pregnant women with arterial hypertension or Diabetes Mellitus

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Pós-graduação em Enfermagem (mestrado profissional) - FMB