Constitutional judges (guarantee of the Constitution and responsibility)

My aim in this paper is to propose a reflection on the position and the importance that the constitutional judge has in the legal systems of contemporary constitutionalism. The figure of the judge responsible of protecting the Constitution is a key institution, without which we cannot understand the laws of constitutional democracies, their current lines of development, and the guarantee of rights and freedoms that constitute the normative core of these systems. Moreover, the reflection on the exercise of the powers of the judge, its scope and its justification is an important part of contemporary legal discussion, still relevant, albeit not exclusively - in the field of legal philosophy. The object of attention of my reflection is the judge who has the power of judicial review, in a scheme of defense of the Constitution, regardless the specific ways of this defense.

Brain injury: Assessment of hemineglect occurence and of attentional deficit through cancellation tasks

Hemineglect (HN) is a widely studied syndrome after unilateral lesions due to stroke. However, although there are some studies with HN rehabilitation of posttraumatic brain injury (TBI), there seems to be no published data about the prevalence of HN in TBI through cancellation tasks. Thus, the objective of this study was to characterize the occurrence of this syndrome and of attentional deficits in patients with TBI by means of the Bells Test and of a line cancellation task. The sample was comprised of 21 patients with TBI and 21 healthy controls matched by education, age and frequency of written language habits. There was a poorer performance of patients with TBI with a greater number of omissions on the left side and lower speed processing. In addition, suggestive signs of HN were found in 38 % of the sample of TBI patients. More research is needed to characterize clinical syndromes regarding the occurrence of HN after a TBI through the traditionally known cancellation paradigm.

Especímenes antropométricos y curiosidades pintorescas: la orquestación fotográfica del cuerpo “negro” (Brasil circa 1865)

Paul Gilroy escribe en Against Race que la “producción de la raza” desencadenada en los siglos XVIII y XIX “necesitó una síntesis de logos e ícono, de la racionalidad científica formal acompañada de algo más, algo visual y estético” (1). A partir del siglo XIX y de la mano de los avances tecnológicos en el ámbito de la representación visual, especialmente en la fotografía, los discursos científicos de la alteridad acogen y desarrollan un componente de exhibicionismo y espectacularización.En este marco de ideas, se pretende entender la producción fotográfica del cuerpo “negro”, en específico algunas imágenes que conforman los archivos fotográficos creados por el científico Louis Agassiz y Christiano Júnior en Brasil a mediados del siglo XIX. Objetivo: indagar la manera en que estos procedimientos de visualización contribuyeron a re-ensamblar discursos raciales en Brasil y en Estados Unidos justo en el momento cuando el cuerpo “negro” se enviste de subjetividad legal.