3 resultados para mononuclear cells

em Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid Portal


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Trichosanthin (TCS) is a ribosome-inactivating protein from root tubers of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. In this paper, the effects of TCS on the viability of human peripheral blood immunocytess, on the proliferation of lymphocytes, and its cytotoxicity to twelve cell lines of lymphoma or leukemia had been observed. TCS at high concentration (>12.5 mu g/ml) affected the viability of human B lymphocytes, but not that of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), T lymphocytes and granulocytes. Human peripheral blood-derived monocytes/macrophages were highly sensitive to TCS (ID50 at 1.70 mu g/ml). TCS suppressed lymphocyte proliferation stimulated by Concanavalin A (Con A) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Human T cell lines and macrophage cell lines were more sensitive (ID50 < 0.9 mu g/ml) to TCS than B cell lines and myeloid lines. These results suggest that selective cytotoxicity of TCS to human macrophages/monocytes may be implicated in anti-HIV activity, and that selectively killing some leukemia-lymphoma cells by TCS merit further evaluation in treatment of some lymphoma and leukemia.

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Testosterone undecanoate (TU) is under phase III clinical trial as a hormonal male contraceptive in China. Sex hormones can modulate the immune system. Female hormonal contraceptives may affect SIV/HIV-1 transmission. To evaluate the safety of TU and to understand whether long-term use of TU for a male contraceptive affects users' immunological features, adult male rats were treated for a 32-week TU-treated phase at the dose of 20 mg TU/kg body weight and a 24-week recovery phase. The reproductive and immunological parameters of 4-6 rats in each subgroup were examined at the stated time point. The mean sperm count and viability in the treated rats were significantly suppressed (p < 0.01). In the TU-treated group: the mean blood leukocyte and lymphocyte counts; the proliferation indexes of T cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and spleen; and, of B cells from spleen, as well as the mean counts of blood T, NK, and B cells decreased in comparison with those of control group. These decreases were not significant (p > 0.01). Similarly, the mean serum IgM, IgG, and IgA levels and complement activity in TU-treated rats were lower than those in control group (p > 0.01), and the changes in the antibody levels of the examined genital secretions were not significant (p > 0.01). The changes in the thickness of urethra epithelium, and in secretory component (SC) expression in genitals were not observed in the treated group. These results demonstrated that long-term supraphysiological TU injection did not obviously affect the examined rat immunological parameters.

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树突状细胞(dendritic cells, DC)作为机体天然免疫和获得性免疫反应的桥梁和枢纽,发挥着重要的启动和调控作用。随着体外诱导方法的建立和生物学技术的进步,有关DC 的基础生物学研究得到了快速的发展,在诱导方法、个体发生及基因表达和调控等方面,涌现出很多新的、未解的关键问题。同时,随着对粘膜免疫机理研究的深入,DC 在粘膜生态环境中的功能和影响,渐已成为免疫学研究前沿领域中的热点和要点。在本研究中,为了确定DC 体外分化成熟的最短时程,同时为了研究DC 分化成熟相关的基因表达调控,我们建立了快速的DC 体外诱导方法,分析了体外快速诱导 DC 的mi/mRNA 表达谱。此外,在原始分离的女性生殖道共生乳酸杆菌的基础上,以THP-1作为DC 前体细胞的细胞系模型,开展了女性生殖道共生乳酸杆菌刺激活化 THP-1 的研究,希望能够为乳酸杆菌作为生殖道粘膜免疫疫苗的应用提供理论基础。首先,采用外周血单个核细胞(peripheral blood mononuclear cells, PBMC)来源的CD14+细胞为DC 前体,经过GM-CSF 和IL-4 的刺激,1-6 天后得到未成熟DC (immature dendritic cells, iDC),并经成熟因子(TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 与PGE2)诱导 1-2 天后,获得成熟DC(mature dendritic cells, mDC)。经过比较和分析,明确了完全分化和成熟各2 天,即“2+2”,为DC 诱导分化的最佳和最短时程,从而证实和建立了DC 体外快速诱导的体系和方法。该方法获得的iDC 与mDC,具有与传统的“6+2” 方法获得的DC 相同的形态与表型,而且,利用该方法获得的DC 总数高于“1+1”, “1+2”与“6+2”的方法,为DC 的生物学研究提供了基础数据。我们进而采用芯片技术,对体外快速分化成熟的DC 进行了mi/mRNA 表达谱分析,确定了DC 不同分化发育阶段特征性的mi/mRNA 表达差异。结果发现,与CD14+ 单核细胞即DC 前体相比,iDC 与mDC 之间具有更加相近的mi/mRNA 表达方式。 miRNA 表达谱分析则表明,不同的miRNA 表达与DC 的不同分化和发育阶段相关。而且,位于同一基因簇内的miRNA,呈现协同表达的情况。特别值得注意的是,本研究发现了在DC 的某些发育阶段特异表达的miRNA,它们在DC 发育过程中的功能,还未得到诠释,它们在DC 某些分化阶段的特异表达,提示了DC 各分化阶段的相关性与特异性。结合mRNA 表达谱分析,我们发现miRNA 的表达与其目的基因的表达在mRNA 水平呈现负相关的特性。同时,免疫相关mRNA 与miRNA 在DC 体外不同发育阶段的表达亦呈现差异,其中,miRNA(如hsa-miR-181a, hsa-miR-223, hsa-miR-155, hsa-miR-146, hsa-miR-106a 与hsa-miR-20a 等)与mRNA(如ALM1 等)参与了特定的与免疫相关的GO(Gene Ontology)与通路(Pathway),提示这些miRNA 与mRNA 可能通过不同的方式调节控制着DC 的体外诱导过程。在有关粘膜生态环境中DC 的分化、成熟及其功能影响的研究中,我们首先通过各种乳酸杆菌鉴定方法的综合应用,确定了6 种原始分离的女性生殖道主要共生乳酸杆菌:发酵乳酸杆菌(L.Fermentum)、约氏乳酸杆菌(L.Johnsonni)、卷曲乳酸杆菌(L.Crispatus)、革氏乳酸杆菌(L.Gasseri)、詹氏乳酸杆菌(L.Jensenii)与德氏乳酸杆菌(L.Delbrueckii )。其中,德氏乳酸杆菌(L.Delbrueckii)和发酵乳酸杆菌(L.Fermentum)具有较高的产H2O2 的能力。在此基础上,我们在与THP-1 的共同培养体系中,将乳酸杆菌对DC 前体的作用和影响进行了比较和研究。结果发现,L.Crispatus 在分离的各原始菌株中,具有最强的刺激THP-1 活化的能力,而且,在相同刺激比例下,L.Crispatus 活菌具有比死菌更强的免疫刺激能力,表现为明显上调THP-1 细胞表面标志CD40、CD80、CD86、 CD1a、CCR6 与CD324 的表达水平,同时可诱导活化THP-1 上调表达Th1 型细胞因子。通过FITC-Dextran 吞噬实验,我们发现,经过L.Crispatus 刺激的THP-1 细胞,其吞噬外来抗原的能力明显下降,但尚未检测到经过活化的THP-1 细胞刺激T 细胞增殖的能力。通过流式细胞术分析的方法,我们检测了TLR1、TLR2、TLR4 与TLR6 在不同的刺激分化阶段的表达水平,结果表明,THP-1 主要通过TLR2 与TLR6 识别女性生殖道L.Crispatus。综上所述,本研究首先通过对DC 体外分化成熟的最短时程的分析,确立了快速诱导DC 的最佳方法,进而利用芯片技术,研究了快速诱导DC 的mi/mRNA 表达谱,揭示了DC 体外分化发育过程中可能的调控途径,为进一步研究DC 的基础生物学提供了恰当的模型和具有指向性的线索。同时,通过与DC 前体THP-1 的共同培养体系,证实了生殖道共生乳酸杆菌的免疫调节作用,为以乳酸杆菌为载体的生殖道粘膜免疫疫苗的研究和应用提供了实验依据