Sidewall flow stability in the MHD channel flows

The velocity distribution between two sidewalls is; M-shaped for the MHD channel flows with rectangular cross section and thin conducting walls in a strong transverse magnetic field. Assume that the dimensionless numbers R(m) much less than 1, M, N much greater than 1, and sigma

Some comments on the stability theory of mhd shock waves

The stability (evolutionarity) problem for a kind of MHD shock waves is discussed in this paper. That is to solve the interaction problem of MHD shock waves with (2-dimensional) oblique incident disturbances. In other words, the result of gasdynamic shocks is generalized to the case of MHD shocks. The previous conclusion of stability theory of MHD shock waves obtained from the solution of interaction problem of MHD shock wave with (one-dimensional) normal shock wave is that only fast and slow shocks are stable, and intermediate shocks are unstable. However, the results of this paper show that when the small disturbances are the Alfven waves a new stability condition which is related to the parameters in front of and behind the shock wave is derived. When the disturbances are entropy wave and fast and slow magneto acoustic waves the stability condition is related to the frequency of small disturbances. As the limiting ease, i. e. when a normal incident (reflection, refraction) is consid...更多ered, the fast and slow shocks are unstable. The results also show that the conclusion drawn by Kontorovich is invalid for the stability theory of shock waves.

MHD控制激波诱导边界层分离的机理

激波边界层相互作用是高超声速飞行器面临的重大问题,激波入射到平板引起的边界层分离是其中最具代表性的一种.用加权的3阶ENN格式计算了小磁雷诺数近似的MHD方程,研究了 MHD控制层流边界层分离的机理.数值结果显示,通过局部电离空气并施加洛伦兹力,能使分离点向下游移动,分离区尺寸减小,从而抑制和缓解由于激波-边界层相互作用而引起的分离.

Parallel Fully-Implicit Computation of MHD Acceleration Experiments

A three-dimensional MHD solver is described in the paper. The solver simulates reacting flows with nonequilibrium between translational-rotational, vibrational and electron translational modes. The conservation equations are discretized with implicit time marching and the second-order modified Steger-Warming scheme, and the resulted linear system is solved iteratively with Newton-Krylov-Schwarz method that is implemented by PETSc package. The results of convergence tests are plotted, which show good scalability and convergence around twice faster when compared with the DPLR method. Then five test runs are conducted simulating the experiments done at the NASA Ames MHD channel, and the calculated pressures, temperatures, electrical conductivity, back EMF, load factors and flow accelerations are shown to agree with the experimental data. Our computation shows that the electrical conductivity distribution is not uniform in the powered section of the MHD channel, and that it is important to include Joule heating in order to calculate the correct conductivity and the MHD acceleration.

MHD控制超声速边界层的理论研究和数值分析

对MHD(mechanisms of magnetohy drodynamics)控制超声速平板湍流边界层的机理进行了理论研究和数值模拟.理论上,采用等离子体低频近似碰撞频率模型,建立等离子体中电子和离子的力平衡方程,得到等离子体速度、极化电场以及边界层速度.数值上,通过空间HLLE格式、LU-SGS时间推进求解时均磁流体动力学湍流方程,其中湍流模型采用sst-kω双方程模型.研究结果表明:(1)边界层速度的理论结果和数值结果误差在7%范围内;(2)只有磁场而电场为零时,洛仑兹力起到减小摩阻的作用.施加电场后,洛仑兹力能够加速边界层低速区流体;(3)在边界层外层,越靠近壁面,作用参数越小;而在边界层近壁区黏性底层,虽然惯性力减小,但黏性力却迅速增加,因此越靠近壁面,作用参数反而越大,加速低速流的代价增加.

MHD控制激波诱导湍流边界层分离的机理分析

为了研究磁流体动力学(Magnetohydrodynamics:MHD)加速边界层对激波-湍流边界层相互作用的影响,用高阶有限差分法求解了小磁雷诺数近似的MHD湍流方程.其中,无粘通量采用WENN格式离散、粘性通量采用Roe平均中心差分离散,时间采用半隐式推进,并采取追赶法求解.计算给出了湍流、电场、磁场和电导率等参数对边界层分离的影响,数值结果显示:在同样的逆压梯度下,湍流边界层分离能更快地趋于稳态流场,且分离区比层流小;通过施加洛仑兹力加速,边界层速度型面变得更加饱满、位移厚度减小、分离点和再附点向激波与固壁的交点靠近,分离区尺寸减小甚至最终被消除.

Progress In Modeling Of Fluid Flows In Crystal Growth Processes

Modeling of fluid flows in crystal growth processes has become an important research area in theoretical and applied mechanics. Most crystal growth processes involve fluid flows, such as flows in the melt, solution or vapor. Theoretical modeling has played an important role in developing technologies used for growing semiconductor crystals for high performance electronic and optoelectronic devices. The application of devices requires large diameter crystals with a high degree of crystallographic perfection, low defect density and uniform dopant distribution. In this article, the flow models developed in modeling of the crystal growth processes such as Czochralski, ammonothermal and physical vapor transport methods are reviewed. In the Czochralski growth modeling, the flow models for thermocapillary flow, turbulent flow and MHD flow have been developed. In the ammonothermal growth modeling, the buoyancy and porous media flow models have been developed based on a single-domain and continuum approach for the composite fluid-porous layer systems. In the physical vapor transport growth modeling, the Stefan flow model has been proposed based on the flow-kinetics theory for the vapor growth. In addition, perspectives for future studies on crystal growth modeling are proposed. (c) 2008 National Natural Science Foundation of China and Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier Limited and Science in China Press. All rights reserved.

旋转等离子体系统的稳定性条件

本文从完整的MHD方程出发严格推导了一个旋转等离子体系统相对于平衡态作小振动的稳定性条件。该系统具有粘性、可压缩性、有自引力。同前人的工作相比较,由于本文用能量方程代替了近似关系(如绝热关系等),所以结果更加合理并具有普遍性。在一般情况下,前人的结果可以认为是本文结果的特例。同时本文还对文献[1]的稳定性充要条件提出疑义。

关于磁流体力学激波稳定性理论的几个问题

本文讨论一类特殊的MHD激波的稳定性问题(或进化性问题),即此激波与二维斜入射小扰动波的相互作用问题。相当于推广气动力学激波的结果,过去的稳定性理论,即一维小扰动波与MHD激波相互作用的结果是,只有快激波与慢激波是稳定的,中间激波不稳定。本文的结果是:当小扰动波为Alfvén波时,得到与激波前后参数有关的新的稳定条件。当小扰动波为熵波与快、慢磁声波时,则稳定条件还与小扰动波的频率有关。并且作为一种极限情形,取垂直入射(反射、折射)时,快激波与慢激波都不稳定。本文计算还表明,一文的结论不能应用于激波稳定性理论。

Magnetohydrodynamics equilibrium of a self-confined elliptic plasma ball

A variational principle is applied to the problem of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equilibrium of a self-contained elliptical plasma ball, such as elliptical ball lightning. The principle is appropriate for an approximate solution of partial differential equations with arbitrary boundary shape. The method reduces the partial differential equation to a series of ordinary differential equations and is especially valuable for treating boundaries with nonlinear deformations. The calculations conclude that the pressure distribution and the poloidal current are more uniform in an oblate self-confined plasma ball than that of an elongated plasma ball. The ellipticity of the plasma ball is obviously restricted by its internal pressure, magnetic field, and ambient pressure. Qualitative evidence is presented for the absence of sighting of elongated ball lightning.

Viscosity-induced mode splitting and potential energy criterion for mode stability

This paper points out that viscosity can induce mode splitting in a uniform infinite cylinder of an incompressible fluid with self-gravitation, and that the potential energy criterion cannot be appropriate to all normal modes obtained, i.e., there will be stable modes with negative potential energy (<0). Therefore the condition >0 is not necessary, although sufficient, for the stability of a mode in an incompressible static fluid or magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) system, which is a correction of both Hare's [Philos. Mag. 8, 1305 (1959)] and Chandrasekhar's [Hydrodynamic and Hydromagnetic Stability (Oxford U.P., Oxford, 1961), p. 604] stability criterion for a mode. These results can also be extended to compressible systems with a polytropic exponent.