Enhanced protection against oxidative stress in an astaxanthin-overproduction Haematococcus mutant (Chlorophyceae)

Many unicellular green algae can become yellow or red in various natural habitats due to mass accumulation of a secondary carotenoid, such as lutein, or astaxanthin. The accumulation of secondary carotenoids is generally thought to be a survival strategy of the algae under photo-oxidative stress or other adverse environmental conditions. The physiological role of the carotenoids in stress response is less well understood at the subcellular or molecular level. In this study, a stable astaxanthin overproduction mutant (MT 2877) was isolated by chemical mutagenesis of a wild type (WT) of the green microalga Haematococcus pluvialis Flotow NIES-144. MT 2877 was identical to the WT with respect to morphology, pigment composition, and growth kinetics during the early vegetative stage of the life cycle. However, it had the ability to synthesize and accumulate about twice the astaxanthin content of the WT under high light, or under high light in the presence of excess amounts of ferrous sulphate and sodium acetate. Under stress, the mutant exhibited higher photosynthetic activities than the WT, based on considerably higher chlorophyll fluorescence induction, chlorophyll autofluorescence intensities, and oxygen evolution rates. Cell mortality caused by stress was reduced by half in the mutant culture compared with the WT. Enhanced protection of the mutant against stress is attributed to its accelerated carotenogenesis and accumulation of astaxanthin. Our results suggest that MT 2877, or other astaxanthin overproduction Haematococcus mutants, may offer dual benefits, as compared with the wild type, by increasing cellular astaxanthin content while reducing cell mortality during stress-induced carotenogenesis.

黄土丘陵区小流域综合治理生态经济过程分析——以宁夏隆德县李太平小流域为例

从生态经济系统分析角度出发,对小流域生态经济结构及其演变进行分析,以期评价小流域生态经济效益。对比分析了小流域生态经济系统土地利用结构及其适宜性、产业结构、消耗结构和饲料生产平衡,利用线性模型对土地利用结构进行了优化模拟,采用描述生态系统稳定性的多样性指数描述流域经济系统稳定性,并用静态和动态模型对治理经济效果进行评价。流域农、林、牧用地比例由1990年的6．2:2．0:1．0变为2003年的1．9:1．4:1．0;农业产值所占比重由79．6％下降为54．8％;林业、牧业、副业产值比例分别由9．6％、9．6％、1．1％上升为22．7％、 15．1％、7．4％。收入多样性指数呈增加趋势,消耗结构趋向合理,饲料供需平衡,经济评价中各指标均显示经济效益显著,表明生态经济结构明显有利于生态经济系统的进展演变,流域生态经济结构趋于稳定,生态经济效益显著。

不同治理度下小流域正态整体模型试验——林草措施对小流域径流泥沙的影响

首次运用正态整体模型模拟试验方法研究不同林草植被覆盖度下小流域径流泥沙变化规律,结果表明 :小流域林草植被具有良好的减水减沙效益 ,初步得出小流域治理水土保持林草措施最低下限值为60 % ,取得最佳水保效益的林草覆盖度值为78% ,流域径渗比临界值为林草覆盖度65%。

黄土丘陵区小流域系统生态经济要素分析——以宁夏隆德县李太平小流域为例

以隆德县李太平小流域为例,对比分析了退化小流域系统恢复重建过程中系统的生态经济要素变化,揭示系统演变趋势。应用能值方法分析了投入产出的动态变化,评价治理的生态经济效果。结果显示:农、林、牧业用地比例由1990年的6·2∶2·0∶1·0变为2003年的1·9∶1·4∶1·0,土地利用及种植结构趋于合理,农业产值所占比重由79·6%下降为54·8%,林业、牧业、副业产值比例分别由9·6%、9·6%、1·1%上升为22·7%、15·1%、7·4%,收入多样性指数也呈增加趋势,显示了流域收入构成的多元化,有利于生态经济系统的稳定。同时,恩格尔系数减小,表明人民生活水平日益提高。基于能值的流域生态经济系统投入产出效率动态研究结果表明在调整后的土地利用格局及种植结构下,净能值产出率由1990年的2·5增长到2003年的3·41,资源利用效率逐年提高,环境负荷率在1990、1995和2003年分别为2·55、2·44和2·11,呈减小趋势,能值持续性指数从1990年的0·98增加到2003年的1·62,经济与生态环境的协调性不断提高。研究结果表明该治理模式是成功的。

视频监控业务管理子系统的软件设计

视频监控系统在城市安全，公路交通，银行柜台交易方面都得到了广泛的应用。视频监控系统经历了从模拟系统到本地数字系统，然后到远程网络系统的发展历程，数字化、网络化、智能化正成为视频监控系统中的重要研究内容。 论文作者参与了国家发改委项目“IPv4/IPv6双协议栈、集中式可大规模部署的运营级多模视频监控业务服务系统”的实施，设计并实现了其中的业务管理子系统，论文以此为背景展开。 论文介绍了网络视频监控的特征和它的发展历程，论述了视频监控业务服务系统的结构与原理，提出了多路视频流下的转发和负载均衡策略，提出了基于无线传感器网络的报警调度策略，讨论了业务管理子系统中的控制服务器、转发服务器和存储服务器的软件设计，测试了转发服务器的性能。

Environmental Kuznets Curve for SO_2 Emissions in China

This study examines the link between the economic growth and the environmental quality. Based on a panel data set, a N-shaped Environmental Kuzents Curve has been found for the sample period: a cubic relationship between per capita GDP and emissions of sulphur dioxide (SO2). We also find that energy consumption is an important determinant of environmental degradation. The empirical results suggest that we should promote environmental protection as soon as possible.

The Impact of Environmental Non-Tariff Measures on China's Agricultural Exports

This article assesses the impact of environmental non-tariff measures on China's agricultural exports. It uses two measures to show which countries make most intensive use of environmental non-tariff measures and which agricultural products exported by China are the most affected. Environmental non-tariff measures were most prevalence in Malaysia, Vietnam, Philippines, Mexico, Japan, Russian, USA, Germany, and Netherland. Labor-intensive agricultural products, such as fish, vegetables, and fruit were most seriously affected.

渤海造船厂计算机集成制造系统(BS-CIMS)

简介了渤海造船厂计算机集成制造系统（ＢＳ－ＣＩＭＳ）的系统结构，系统组成（工程设计、经营管理、财务管理、生产管理、建造作业和质量管理６个应用分系统），信息分类编码原则，计算机支撑环境，分系统之间信息界面和系统集成方案。

企业经营系统的对象模型──资金流模型

本文阐述了大型工业企业综合自动化系统体系结构中经营管理层的对象模型（资金流模型）。首先论述了该模型在自动化体系结构中的地位和作用，然后分析了企业生产经营过程中发生的资金流，提出用借贷流程图方法表达资金流模型，并将这一方法与国际通用的借贷记帐法相联系，从而揭示了资金流模型与会计核算的内在联系．本文还对企业生产与经营活动的几个主要过程用借贷流程图进行了细化描述。