Productividad sectorial y cambio estructural en América Latina


Autoria(s): Mariño Moreno, Paola Ximena
Contribuinte(s)

Avila Montealegre, Oscar Ivan

Data(s)

01/03/2016

Resumo

En este documento se analiza el proceso de transformación estructural para algunas economías de América Latina y su comparación con los milagros asiáticos. De igual forma, para el caso de Colombia y de Corea del Sur, se describe el comportamiento de la productividad agregada y su descomposición sectorial. Los resultados evidencian que, en los dos países, el sector de servicios ha ganado participación en las últimas décadas. Para el caso de Colombia este sector explica en gran medida la baja competitividad del país frente a los Estados Unidos. Por su parte, en Corea del Sur la brecha de productividad con los Estados Unidos se ha cerrado en los tres sectores (agricultura, industria y servicios). Finalmente, se adapta un modelo de cambio estructural para estas dos economías y se encuentra que para Colombia el modelo logra reproducir las tendencias observadas en los datos. Para Corea el modelo no ajusta durante la época de industrialización tardía, pero para las últimas décadas replica de manera cercana los datos.

Universidad del Rosario

This document describes the process of structural transformation for Latin American economies (Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, México and Venezuela) and their comparisons with the known Four Asian Tigers are analyzed. Similarly, for the case of Colombia and South Korea, the performance of aggregate productivity and their sectoral breakdown is described. Based on the results, for these two countries, the service sector has gained share in recent decades. In the case of Colombia, this sector largely explains the low competitiveness of the country against the United States. Meanwhile, South Korea presents that the productivity gap with the United States has closed for the three sectors (agriculture, industry and services). Finally, a model of structural change is adapted for these two economies and the model can reproduce observed trends obtained with the data for the Colombian case. Eventhough, South Korea does not fit the model during the time of late industrialization, but it closely replicates the data for the last few decades.

Formato

application/pdf

Identificador

http://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/12306

Idioma(s)

spa

Publicador

Facultad de economía

Direitos

info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

Fonte

instname:Universidad del Rosario

reponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocUR

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Palavras-Chave #Economía #Desarrollo económico #Productividad #Crecimiento económico #América Latina #330 #Structural Change #Sectoral Productivity
Tipo

info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis

info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion