Effect of a stearic acid-rich, structured triacylglycerol on plasma lipid concentrations

<b>Background:</b> Structured lipids are being incorporated into foods to reduce their energy value. One such lipid is rich in stearic acid.<br /><b>Objective:</b> The objective of this study was to compare the effects on plasma lipids of a stearic acid–rich triacylglycerol and a fat rich in palmitic acid in hypercholesterolemic subjects.<br /><b>Design:</b> Fifteen subjects with an average plasma cholesterol concentration of 6.13 ± 0.80 mmol/L initially ate a low-fat diet for 2 wk (run-in period), followed in random order and blinded fashion by 2 high-fat diets (for 5 wk each) containing foods derived from margarines rich either in palmitic acid or in the structured, stearic acid–rich triacylglycerol.<br /><b>Results:</b> Plasma cholesterol concentrations with the low-fat, the stearic acid–rich, and the palmitic acid–rich diets were not significantly different (5.35 ± 0.83, 5.41 ± 0.78, and 5.52 ± 0.68 mmol/L, respectively) but were significantly lower (P < 0.001) than those measured during the habitual diet period (ie, 2 wk before the study began). Neither HDL cholesterol nor plasma triacylglycerol differed significantly among the 3 study diets.<br /><b>Conclusion: </b>A similar increase in the intake of stearic and palmitic acids (differing by <5% of total energy) to ensure a high fat intake resulted in plasma total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations that did not differ significantly from concentrations measured during a period of low-fat intake.<br />