Equinoterapia en niños con autismo


Autoria(s): Martinez Alvernia, Carlos Francisco
Contribuinte(s)

Moron Duarte, Lina Sofia

Guio, Laura

Data(s)

13/02/2015

Resumo

Introducción: Autismo es un trastorno del desarrollo caracterizado por compromiso en interacción social, habilidades de lenguaje, presentando rituales con estereotipias. Sin tratamientos curativos, actualmente se buscan terapias alternativas. Un incremento de la literatura científica de terapias asistidas con animales se ha evidenciado, demostrando mejoría en pacientes autistas con la equinoterapia. Objetivo: Realizar una revisión sistemática de la literatura para evaluar efectividad de la equinoterapia en habilidades sociales y de lenguaje en niños autistas. Metodología: Revisión sistemática de la literatura de artículos obtenidos en bases de datos y Meta-buscadores que proporcionaron evidencia de equinoterapia en niños autistas. Tipo de artículos consultados: revisiones sistemáticas, meta análisis y ensayos clínicos. Trabajos publicados hasta 2013. En inglés y español. Se emplearon términos MeSH y EMTREE. Resultados: Cuatro artículos cumplieron criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Se analizaron los artículos individualmente, no se logró realizar un meta análisis por diferencias metodológicas entre los estudios. En total 85 sujetos fueron evaluados en dichos estudios. La equinoterapia en niños autistas evidenció mejoría en habilidades sociales y en las habilidades de lenguaje pre verbal. Discusión: La equinoterapia es prometedora en el manejo de niños autistas, los artículos evidencian consistentemente mejorías a nivel de habilidades sociales y de lenguaje. Debe ser considerado el tipo de paciente, el régimen de equinoterapia y la sostenibilidad de las mejoras. Conclusiones: Se necesitan nuevos estudio con un mayor rigor metodológico que permitan fortalecer la evidencia sobre la equinoterapia en niños con autismo y así poder realizar recomendaciones con un adecuado nivel de evidencia.

Abstract: Autism is a range of neurodevelopmental disorders, characterized by social impairment, language skills difficulties and stereotyped pattern of behavior. There is a not curative treatment, alternative therapies currently being sought. An increase in the scientific literature of animal assisted therapy has been demonstrated, showing improvement in autistic patients with equine therapy. Objective: To conduct a systematic review of the literature to assess the effectiveness of hippotherapy social skills and language in autistic children. Methods: Systematic review of the literature articles obtained in databases and Meta-search engines that provided evidence of equine therapy in autistic children. Type viewed items: systematic reviews, meta-analyzes and clinical trials. Published works until 2013. Just in English and Spanish. MeSH terms and EMTREE were used. Results: Four articles met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Articles were analyzed individually; it was not possible to perform a meta-analysis by methodological differences between studies. A total of 85 subjects were evaluated in these studies. Equine therapy in autistic children showed improvement in social skills and verbal skills pre language. Discussion: The equine is promising in the management of autistic children; these papers consistently show improvements in terms of social and language skills. It should be considered the type of patient, the regime equine and sustainability of the improvements. Conclusions: new studies are needed with better methodological standard that strengthen the evidence on equine therapy in children with autism and be able to make recommendations with a suitable level of evidence.

Formato

application/pdf

Identificador

http://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/10225

Idioma(s)

spa

Publicador

Facultad de medicina

Direitos

info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

Fonte

instname:Universidad del Rosario

reponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocUR

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TEME

Palavras-Chave #618.92 #Pediatría #Autismo #Equinoterapia #autism, children, dogs assisted therapy, social interaction, communication skills
Tipo

info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis

info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion