Impacto en la calidad de la Inducción anestésica con premedicación en pacientes pediatricos


Autoria(s): Merchan Suarez, Luz Natalia; Santander Ospina, Carlo Jaime
Contribuinte(s)

Giraldo, Juan Camilo

Data(s)

28/08/2014

Resumo

La inducción anestésica en niños es uno de los mayores retos para los anestesiólogos ya que es la fase más estresante del período perioperatorio para el paciente pediátrico. Existen diferentes intervenciones para minimizar la ansiedad perioperatoria y aumentar la cooperación del paciente pediátrico con la inducción anestésica. Entre las intervenciones exitosas la premedicación farmacológica con midazolam ha mostrado grandes beneficios en pacientes pediátricos. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio de casos y controles en pacientes pediátricos llevados a cirugía en la Fundación Cardioinfantil entre 2011-2014. Por medio de muestreo aleatorio por conveniencia se tomaron como casos pacientes con premedicación y controles pacientes sin premedicación. El éxito en la inducción se midió por medio de la escala ICC, usada a nivel mundial. Resultados: El promedio de edad fue 4.9 σ 3.01 años para los casos y 5.02σ3.2 años para controles, presentaron la misma distribución por género, 40.6% femenino, 59.3% masculino. El éxito de la inducción anestésica con midazolam mostró resultados significativos (OR 7.3 IC95% 4.3 – 12.5 p0,000), en hombres (OR 9.44 IC95%4.5 – 19.8 p0,000), en menores de 5 años (OR 10.33 IC95% 5.07 – 21.04 p0,000), en pacientes con antecedentes quirúrgicos (OR 12.2 IC95% 5.28 – 27.8 p0.000) o anestesias previas (OR 7.9 IC95% 4.4 – 14.4 p0,000). Discusión: El midazolam como agente farmacológico usado para premedicación en pacientes pediátricos presenta resultados exitosos contundentes, por lo cual debe usarse en todos los casos.

Anesthetic induction in children is one of the biggest challenges for anesthesiologists because this is the most stressful phase of the perioperative period for the pediatric patient. There are different interventions to minimize perioperative ansiety and enhance the compliance of the pediatric patient during the anesthetic induction. Among successful interventions the pharmacologic premedication with midazolam has shown great benefits in pediatric patients. Methodology: A case-control study was conducted in pediatric patients undergoing surgery in Cardioinfantil Foundation between 2011-2014. Through random convenience sample were selected, as case, patients with premedication and control, patients without premedication. The success in induction was measured by the ICC scale, used worldwide. Results: The mean age was 4.9 σ 3.01 years old for cases and 5.02 σ 3.2 years old for controls, they had the same gender distribution, 40.6% female, 59.3% male. The successful in the induction of anesthesia with midazolam showed significant results (OR 7.3 95% CI 4.3 - 12.5 p0,000), also in men (OR 9.44 95% CI 4.5 - 19.8 p0,000) in children under 5 years (OR 10.33 95% CI 5.07 - p0,000 21.04) in patients with surgical history (OR 5.28 95% CI 12.2 - 27.8 p0.000) or history of previous anesthesia (OR 7.9 95% CI 4.4 - 14.4 p0,000). Discussion: Midazolam as a pharmacologic agent used for premedication in pediatric patients have strong successful results therefore should be used in all cases.

Formato

application/pdf

Identificador

http://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/8907

Idioma(s)

spa

Publicador

Facultad de Medicina

Direitos

info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

Fonte

instname:Universidad del Rosario

reponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocUR

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TEME

Palavras-Chave #617.96 #Anestesiología #Pediatría #Anestesia #Medicina #anesthesia induction, midazolam, premedication, ICC scale
Tipo

info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis

info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion