Desenlaces de las infecciones respiratorias en la unidad de cuidado intensivo de la fundación neumologica colombiana


Autoria(s): Avila Avila, Vladimir; Hernández, Angela; Ali, Abraham
Contribuinte(s)

Hernández, Angela

Data(s)

08/08/2014

31/12/1969

Resumo

Las infecciones asociadas a ventilación mecánica (VM) son frecuentes en la unidad de cuidado intensivo (UCI). Existen dos infecciones: neumonía (NAV) y traqueobronquitis (TAV). NAV genera impacto negativo en los desenlaces de los pacientes al aumentar la morbilidad, mortalidad y los tiempos en UCI y VM, pero no se conoce el impacto de TAV. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar si hay diferencias entre NAV y TAV. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio de cohortes entre 2009 y 2013 en la UCI de la Fundación Neumológica Colombiana. De los pacientes con NAV y TAV se obtuvieron datos demográficos, epidemiológicos, microbiológicos y desenlaces como tiempos de estancia en UCI, VM y de hospitalización y mortalidad. Se compararon estadísticamente mediante t de Student y Chi2 para datos normales y prueba de Mann-Whitney para datos no normales. Resultados: Los pacientes con NAV y TAV fueron similares en la condición de ingreso a UCI. Al diagnóstico de la infección hubo diferencias significativas entre grupos en la oxigenación y tiempo de estancia hospitalaria, en UCI y VM. La microbiología fue con predominio de gérmenes Gram negativos y presencia de multirresistencia en el 52.5% de casos, sin diferencias significativas entre grupos. En los desenlaces, se observó diferencias en los tiempos totales de estancia en UCI, hospitalización y VM, pero sin diferencia en ellos después del diagnóstico. No hubo diferencias significativas en mortalidad. Conclusiones: NAV y TAV son similares en el impacto sobre la evolución de los pacientes en cuanto a morbilidad, estancias y mortalidad.

The ventilator associated infections are frequent in the intensive care units (ICU). They are two infections: Pnemonia (VAP) and tracheobronquitis (VAT). VAP generates negative impact on patient outcomes with increased morbidity, mortality and ICU and mecanical ventilation (MV) time, but the impact of VAT is not known. The objective of this study was to identify differences between VAP and VAT on outcomes of patients. Methods: A cohort study between 2009 and 2013 was performed in the ICU of Fundacion Neumológica Colombiana. Of the patients with VAP and VAT demographic, epidemiological, microbiological data and outcomes as length of stay in ICU, MV and hospitalization and mortality were obtained. They were statistically compared using Student t test for normal data and Chi2 and Mann-Whitney test for non-normal data. Results: Patients with VAP and VAT were similar in the condition of admission to ICU. At diagnosis of infection there were significant differences between groups in oxygenation and length of hospital stay, ICU and MV. The predominant bacterias were Gram negative and the presence of multidrug resistance was observed in 52.5% of cases, with no significant differences between groups. In outcomes, differences in total length of stay in ICU, hospitalization and MV was observed, but without difference in them after diagnosis. There were no significant differences in mortality. Conclusion: VAP and VAT are similar to the impact on patient outcomes in morbidity, mortality and stays.

Formato

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Identificador

http://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/8851

Idioma(s)

spa

Publicador

Facultad de Medicina

Direitos

info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess

Fonte

instname:Universidad del Rosario

reponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocUR

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TEME

Palavras-Chave #617.22 #Ventilación mecánica #Unidad de cuidados intensivos #Neumonía #Traqueobronquitis #Medicina #Tracheobronquitis #Pneumonia #VAP #VAT #Ventilator associated infections
Tipo

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info:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersion