Análisis económico de las vacunas 10-valente y 13-valente contra neumococo: revisión sistemática
| Contribuinte(s) |
Rojas-Villarraga, Adriana |
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| Data(s) |
01/08/2014
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| Resumo |
Introducción: Las vacunas clásicamente han representado un método económico y eficaz para el control y prevención de múltiples enfermedades infecciosas. En los últimos años se han introducido nuevas vacunas contra neumococo a precios elevados, y los diferentes análisis económicos a nivel mundial de estas vacunas no muestran tendencias. El objetivo de este trabajo era resumir la evidencia existente a través de los diferentes estudios económicos evaluando las dos vacunas de segunda generación contra neumococo en la población a riesgo. Metodología: En este trabajo se realizo una revisión sistemática de la literatura en 8 bases de datos localizadas en diferentes partes del mundo y también que tuvieran literatura gris. Los artículos fueron inicialmente evaluados acorde a su titulo y resumen, posteriormente los elegidos se analizaron en su totalidad. Resultados: Se encontraron 404 artículos, de los cuales 20 fueron incluidos en el análisis final. Se encontró que la mayoría de los estudios se realizaron en áreas donde la enfermedad tiene una carga baja, como es Norte América y Europa, mientras que en los lugares del mundo donde la carga es mas alta, se realizaron pocos estudios. De igual manera se observo que la mayoría de los estudios mostraron por los menos ser costo efectivos respecto a la no vacunación, y en su totalidad las dos vacunas de segunda generación mostraron costo efectividad respecto a la vacunación con PCV-7. Los resultados de los estudios son muy heterogéneos, hasta dentro del mismo país, señalando la necesidad de guías para la conducción de este tipo de estudios. De igual manera, la mayoría de los estudios fueron financiados por farmacéuticas, mientras en un numero muy reducido por entes gubernamentales. Conclusiones: La mayoría de los estudios económicos sobre las vacunas de segunda generación contra neumococo han sido realizados en países con un alto índice de desarrollo económico y patrocinados por farmacéuticas. Dado que la mayoría de la carga de la enfermedad se encuentran en regiones con un menor nivel de desarrollo económico se deberían realizar mas en estas zonas. De igual manera, al ser la vacunación un asunto de salud publica y con un importante impacto económico los gobiernos deberían estar mas involucrados en los mismos. Introduction: An easy and effective method for control and prevention of multiple infectious diseases has been massive vaccination. Lately, two new conjugate vaccines against pneumococcus appeared at high prices, and economical analysis do not show a tendency towards the use of this vaccine. The objective of this work was to collect and analyze available information regarding economical evaluations of second-generation pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in risk population. Methodology: Information was systematically gathered through a systematic review of the literature. Eight different databases, located in different countries, and some containing grey literature were used to look for the articles. Initially articles were assessed according to their title and abstract. Afterwards, selected articles were completely read and analyzed for final inclusion. Results: This work was systematic review, in which 404 articles were found and 20 were included in the final analysis. It was found that most of the studies were done in North America and Europe, while countries with the highest burden of the disease (Africa and South East Asia), only few studies were done. Moreover, it was seen that most of the studies showed that the two new vaccines were at least cost effective respect to the use of PCV-7. The results were very heterogeneous, and even in the same country. This shows the need of guidelines for this type of studies. Finally, most of the studies were sponsor by pharmaceutical companies, while just a reduced number were by governmental funds. Conclusions: The vast majority of studies were done in countries with a high index of development and sponsored by pharmaceutical companies. Due to the fact that the burden of pneumococcal infection is located in other regions, associated with countries with a lower development index, more studies are needed in these locations. Likewise, as this is a public health issue, governments should be more strongly involved, conducting and publishing their own economical analyses. |
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application/pdf |
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spa |
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Facultad de medicina |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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| Palavras-Chave | #614.4 #Vacuna cuadrivalente #Epidemiología #bacterias estreptocócicas #pharmacoeconomics #pneumococcus #Conjugate vaccines |
| Tipo |
info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion |
