Caracterización clínica, citoquímica y microbiológica de pacientes cirróticos con peritonitis bacteriana en la Fundación Cardioinfantil


Autoria(s): Salinas Gómez, Diana Carolina
Contribuinte(s)

Garzon, Martin

Data(s)

19/02/2014

31/12/1969

Resumo

Introducción: La peritonitis bacteriana espontanea es la infección más frecuente en pacientes cirróticos causado generalmente por Escherichia coli. Existen factores de riesgo relacionados con la aparición y recurrencia de infección peritoneal por lo que la implementación de estrategias tempranas y preventivas podría impactar en la disminución de la morbimortalidad. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo, serie de casos, se efectuó la búsqueda de los resultados del estudio citoquímico de líquidos ascíticos de pacientes entre los años 2009 y 2013, seleccionando aquellos compatibles con infección y que correspondieran a sujetos cirróticos, para posteriormente realizar la recolección de datos clínicos y paraclínicos con el fin de conformar la base de datos y finalizar con su respectivo análisis. Resultados: El alcohol es la principal causa de cirrosis en pacientes infectados; el principal microorganismo aislado fue Escherichia coli, documentando un 78% de cultivos negativos, 20% más que lo reportado por la literatura. La ampicilina sulbactam fue el antibiótico de elección en el 65% de los casos, de estos el 61% continuaron sin requerir cambio del mismo. Discusión: El presente estudio confirma al alcohol como principal etiología de cirrosis en nuestro país y a la Escherichia coli multisensible como principal agente. Debido al bajo porcentaje de cambios que requirió la ampicilina sulbactam durante el ajuste de la terapia se puede sugerir a este antibiotico dentro del manejo, sin embargo se require de estudios complementarios para comparar su efectividad en relación con cefalosporinas de tercera generación. De igual forma debe priorizarse la toma de cultivos en botellas de hemocultivos para aumentar la cantidad de aislamientos y optimizar el tratamiento antibiótico guiado de acuerdo al microorganismo obtenido.

Introduction: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is the most common infection in cirrhotic patients usually caused by Escherichia coli. Some risk factors related to the occurrence and recurrence of peritoneal infection have been described, so early implementation of preventive strategies could impact on reducing morbidity and mortality. Methodology : Descriptive, case series, we search the results of cytochemical study of ascitic fluid of cirrhotic patients between 2009 and 2013, by selecting those compatible with infection, in order to collect the clinical and laboratory information to conform the database and analyze them. Results : Alcohol is the leading cause of cirrhosis in infected patients, the main organism isolated was Escherichia coli, documenting 78% of negative cultures, 20 % higher than that reported in the literature. Ampicillin sulbactam was the antibiotic of choice in 65 % of cases , 61% of these continued without requiring change of it. Discussion : This study confirms alcohol as the main etiology of cirrhosis in our country and the Escherichia coli multisusceptible as main agent. Due to the low percentage of required changes of ampicillin sulbactam during adjustment of therapy it may suggest this antibiotic in the management, however it requires further studies to compare their effectiveness in relation to third-generation cephalosporins. Similarly We should prioritize the use of blood culture bottles crops to increase the amount of insolation and optimize antibiotic therapy according to the obtained microorganism.

Formato

application/pdf

Identificador

http://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/4987

Idioma(s)

spa

Publicador

Facultad de Medicina

Direitos

info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess

Fonte

reponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocUR

instname:Universidad del Rosario

Xu JQ, Kochanek KD, Murphy SL, Tejada-Vera B. Deaths: Final data for 2007. National vital statistics reports; Vol 58 no 19. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics; 2010.

Asrani S, Kamath P, Pedersen R, et al. Liver related mortality in the US is underestimated. Hepatology 2010; 52:408; A169.

Garcia-Tsao et al. Management and treatment of patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Am J Gastroenterol 2009; 104:1802–1829.

EASL clinical practice guidelines on the management of ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis. Journal of Hepatology 2010 vol. 53: 397–417.

Fernadez J, Gustot T. Managment of bacterial infections in cirrhosis. Journal of Hepatology 2012, S1–S12.

Tandon P, Garcia-Tsao G. Bacterial infections, sepsis, and multiorganic failure in cirrhosis. Semin Liver Dis 2008;28:26–42.

Bernardi M. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: from pathophysiology to prevention. Intern Emerg Med (2010) 5 (Suppl 1):S37–S44

Koulaouzidis A, Bhat S, Karagiannidis A, Tan W, Linaker B. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis Postgrad Med J 2007;83:379–383.

France ́s R, Muñoz C, Zapater P, et al. Bacterial DNA activates cell mediated immune response and NO overproduction in peritoneal macrophage from patients with cirrhosis and ascites. Gut 2004;53:860–4.

Horinek E, Fish D. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Advanced critical care 2009 Vol 20 No 2 April-June.

Such J, Ruyon B. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Clinical infectious diseases 1998;27:669-76.

Desai A, Reau N, Reddy G, Te H, Mohanty S, Satoskar R, DeVoss A, Jensen D. Persistent spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: a common complication in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and a high score in the model for end-stage liver disease. Ther Adv Gastroenterol (2010) 5(5) 275–283.

Deschênes M, Villeneuve J. Risk factors for the development of bacterial infections in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis. Am J Gastroenterol 1999;94:2193-2197. 14)Bhat G, Vandana K, Bhatia S, Suvarna D, Pai C. Spontaneous ascetic fluid infection in liver cirrhosis bacteriological profile and response to antibiotic therapy. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2013 Mar 21.

Tandon P, Delisle A, Topla J Garcia-Tsao G. High Prevalence of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacterial Infections Among Patients With Cirrhosis at a US Liver Center. Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology 2012; 10:1291–1298.

Riggio O, Angeloni S. Ascitic fluid analysis for diagnosis and monitoring of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. World J Gastroenterol 2009 August 21; 15(31): 3845-3850.

Navasa M, Casafont F, Clemente G, Guarner C, de la Mata M, Planas R, Solà R, Suh J Consenso sobre peritonitis bacteriana espontánea en la cirrosis hepática: diagnóstico, tratamiento y profilaxis. Gastroenterol Hepatol 2001; 24: 37-46.

Abd Elaal M, Zaghloul S Gouda Bakr H, Abdou Ashour M, Hady H, Khalifa N, Amr G. Evaluation of different therapeutic approaches for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Arab Journal of Gastroenterology 13 (2012) 65–70.

Said A. Al-Busafi, McNabb J, Farag A, Hilzenrat N. Clinical Manifestations of Portal Hypertension International Journal of Hepatology. Vol 2012, Article ID 203794, 10 pages.

Bendtsen F, Grønbæk H, Bach J, Aagaard N, Schmidt L, Møller S. Treatment of ascites and spontaneous bacterial. Dan Med J 2012;59(1).

Koulaouzidis A, Bhat S, Saeed A. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. World J Gastroenterol 2009 March 7; 15(9): 1042-1049.

Lata J, Stiburek O, Kopacova M. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: A severe complication of liver cirrhosis. World J Gastroenterol 2009 November 28; 15(44): 5505-5510.

Kraja B, Sina M, Mone I, Pupuleku F, Babameto A, Prifti S, Burazeri G. Predictive Value of theModel of End-Stage Liver Disease in Cirrhotic Patients with and without 33 Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis. Gastroenterology Research and Practice Volume 2012, Article ID 539059, 5 pages.

Garzón M, Granados C, Martinez J, Rey M, Molano J, Guevara L, Marulanda J. Ascitis cirrótica y sus complicaciones en un hospital de referencia departamental. Rev Colomb Gastroenterol 2004;19:86-93.

Palavras-Chave #Ascitis #Escherichia coli - Microbiología #Peritonitis - Diagnóstico #Peritonitis - Tratamiento #spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, ascitic fluid, Escherichia coli , epidemiology , risk factors , treatment.
Tipo

info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis

info:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersion