Comparación entre analgesia epidural continua vs bloqueo nervio periférico en niños llevados a cirugía múltiple de miembros inferiores


Autoria(s): Trillos, Julio Efrain; Montes, Felix Ramon; Quintero Beltran, Oscar; Turriago, Camilo; Medina, Astrid
Contribuinte(s)

Trillos, Julio Efrain

Data(s)

01/11/2013

Resumo

Las cirugías reconstructivas múltiples de miembros inferiores son intervenciones quirúrgicas que implican un difícil manejo analgésico en el postoperatorio, actualmente la técnica analgésica usada es la analgesia peridural; sin embargo los efectos adversos asociados a esta no la hacen una técnica ideal para manejo de dolor. Los bloqueos de nervio periférico han aparecido como una alternativa para el manejo del dolor; pero no se ha difundido ampliamente su uso. Se pretende evaluar la disminución de efectos adversos con el uso de bloqueos de nervio periférico sobre la analgesia epidural. Este estudio piloto inicial se realizo para verificar efectividad técnicas a usar y problemas que se pudieran presentar. Se aplico el protocolo en 23 pacientes que fueron llevados a cirugía de miembros inferiores, se dividieron en 2 grupos 11 recibieron bloqueos de nervio periférico y 12 analgesia epidural. Se les realizo seguimiento por 48 horas y se evaluó el control del dolor, consumo de opioides y efectos adversos. El tiempo de colocación del bloqueo fue similar en ambos grupos, el grupo de bloqueos presento menos episodios de dolor y menos episodios de dolor severo. No se presento retención urinaria en ningún paciente pero en el grupo de epidural se presento mayor incidencia de nausea y vomito (60% vs 45%). Se encontró que los bloqueos de nervio periférico son una adecuada opción para el manejo del dolor en este tipo de cirugías; y al parecer disminuye la incidencia de eventos adversos asociados a la analgesia epidural.

Fundacion Cardioinfatil Instituto de Cardiologia

Multiple reconstructive surgeries of lower limbs involve a difficult postoperative analgesia management; analgesic technique currently used is epidural analgesia , but the adverse effects associated with this do not make it an ideal technique for pain management . Peripheral nerve blocks have emerged as an alternative for pain management , but is not widely use. We intended to evaluate the decrease of adverse effectes with the use of peripheral nerve blocks vs epidural analgesia . This initial pilot study was conducted to verify effectiveness of the techniques used and problems that may arise . Protocol was applied in 23 patients who underwent surgery of the lower limbs who were divided into 2 groups 11 received peripheral nerve blocks and 12 epidural analgesia . Patients were followed for 48 hours and evaluated for control of pain and opioid effects. The block placement time was similar in both groups , the group of blocks presented fewer episodes of pain and fewer episodes of severe pain . Urinary retention is not present in any patient but in the epidural group had higher incidence of nausea and vomiting ( 60 % vs 45 % ) . We found that peripheral nerve blocks are an appropriate choice for pain management in this type of surgery , and appears to reduce the incidence of adverse events associated with epidural analgesia .

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http://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/4798

Idioma(s)

spa

Publicador

Facultad de Medicina

Direitos

info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

Fonte

instname:Universidad del Rosario

reponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocUR

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Palavras-Chave #ANALGESIA EPIDURAL #BLOQUEO NERVIOSO #CIRUGÍA ORTOPÉDICA #epidural analgesia #peripheral nerve block #Pain #pediatric orthopedic surgery #Urinary retention #nausea and vomiting
Tipo

info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis

info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion